Black start studies for system restoration

Feltes, J.W.; Grande-Moran, C.

doi:10.1109/pes.2008.4596565

Cited by 72 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…During island-mode operation, this situation can lead to a black out [100]. The stability of the system has then been compromised, and all DG units are disconnected from the MG [101][102][103].…”

Section: Black-start Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microgrids in active network management – part II: System operation, power quality and protection

Palizban

Kauhaniemi

Guerrero

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

108

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Abstract. The development of distribution networks for participation in active network management (ANM) and smart grids is introduced using the microgrid concept. In recent years, this issue has been researched and implemented by many experts. The second part of this paper describes those developed operational concepts of microgrids that have an impact on their participation in ANM and in the requirements for achieving targets. Power quality is the most challenging task in microgrids, especially when the system switches from normal parallel operation (grid-connection mode) to island operation. Indeed, following planned or unplanned transitions to island mode, microgrids may develop instability. For this reason, the paper addresses the principles behind island-detection methods, black-start operation, fault management, and protection systems, along with a comprehensive review of power quality.Finally, island detection and the other topics are summarized with a flowchart and tables.

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Section: Black-start Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of restoring the system is called a black start [101]. Power management, balancing, and voltage control are the responsibilities of the black-start restoration service, which is embedded in the MGCC.…”

Section: Black-start Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgrids in active network management – part II: System operation, power quality and protection

Palizban

Kauhaniemi

Guerrero

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Equation (5) corresponds to the blue area and Equation (6) to the green one in Figure 2d. If the parameters of the generator and transmission lines satisfy one of Equations (5) and (6), any kind of self-excitations will not occur during the process of charging the transmission line from the generator.…”

Section: Voltage Of Linementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research and practice show that the overvoltage problem becomes more serious under the conditions of high system voltage, long-distance transmission lines, and large charging transformer capacity [6]. Because of the typical high voltage levels and long transmission lines found in modern bulk power systems, self-excitation and power frequency/operating overvoltage are more likely to occur during the process of power system restoration, leading to the failure of the black start [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast Cut Back Thermal Power Plant Load Rejection and Black Start Field Test Analysis

Zeng

Wen

et al. 2014

Energies

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Fast and reliable black start plays a key role in improving the ability of the power system to resist the risk of large-scale blackouts. For a black start with high voltage and long-distance transmission lines, it is much easier to cause phenomena such as self-excitation and power frequency/operating overvoltage, which may lead to black start failure and impact the reliability of the system's restoration. Meanwhile, the long time needed to crank up the non-black start units will impact the speed of the restoration. This paper addresses the advantages of using a thermal power unit with a fast cut back (FCB) function as a black start unit, and studies the transient process of the FCB unit during the restoration. Firstly, key problems in the power system black start process are analyzed and a practical engineering criterion of self-excitation is proposed. Secondly, the dynamic model of the FCB unit is presented. Thirdly, the field test of the FCB unit load rejection and black start is introduced, which is the first successful field test of black start with 500 kV long-distance lines in China Southern Power Grid (CSG). Finally, the transient process of this test is simulated using the PSCAD/EMTDC software, and the simulation results accord well with the field test results, which verifies the correctness of the FCB model and the self-excitation engineering criterion proposed. OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 2741

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A novel framework for restoration technique of an industrial microgrid using black start units

Khan

Ahmed

Aziz

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Microgrids are considered a reliable option for its ability to work autonomously during the event of faults. With widespread blackout, microgrid itself may experience blackout and hence, fails to support the customers. For system operators, the selection of an appropriate black start unit and procedure is of utmost importance. A fast and reliable black start unit will reduce vulnerability in grid operation. This paper proposes a novel black start methodology for a microgrid where the appropriate Distributed Energy Resource (DER) is utilized as black start unit for the recovery at the planning phase. In order to validate the findings, the proposed methodology is implemented on an industrial microgrid. Results show that bottom-up restoration with solar photovoltaic systems having Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) can offer fast and faithful restoration in comparison to other DER units.

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Black start studies for system restoration

Cited by 72 publications

References 18 publications

Microgrids in active network management – part II: System operation, power quality and protection

Microgrids in active network management – part II: System operation, power quality and protection

Fast Cut Back Thermal Power Plant Load Rejection and Black Start Field Test Analysis

A novel framework for restoration technique of an industrial microgrid using black start units

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