Black start exercises experience in Western Region, India

Pentayya, Polagani; Gartia, Abhimanyu; Das, Aditya Prasad; Kumar, Chandan

doi:10.1109/indcon.2013.6726046

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The most common ancillary services found in the literature include loss compensation, black start capability, control of voltage, frequency or reactive power, oscillation damping and congestion management [95][96][97][98][99]. Further analysis about each of the categories of ancillary services can be found in the works of [100][101][102][103][104][105][106].…”

Section: Ancillary Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

et al. 2021

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Direct current (DC) microgrids (MG) constitute a research field that has gained great attention over the past few years, challenging the well-established dominance of their alternating current (AC) counterparts in Low Voltage (LV) (up to 1.5 kV) as well as Medium Voltage (MV) applications (up to 50 kV). The main reasons behind this change are: (i) the ascending amalgamation of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), which predominantly supply DC power to the energy mix that meets electrical power demand and (ii) the ascending use of electronic loads and other DC-powered devices by the end-users. In this sense, DC distribution provides a more efficient interface between the majority of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and part of the total load of a MG. The early adopters of DC MGs include mostly buildings with high RES production, ships, data centers, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and traction systems. However, the lack of expertise and the insufficient standards’ framework inhibit their wider spread. This review paper presents the state of the art of LV and MV DC MGs in terms of advantages/disadvantages over their AC counterparts, their interface with the AC main grid, topologies, control, applications, ancillary services and standardization issues. Overall, the aim of this review is to highlight the possibilities provided by DC MG architectures as well as the necessity for a solid/inclusive regulatory framework, which is their main weakness.

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Section: Ancillary Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the Art of Low and Medium Voltage Direct Current (DC) Microgrids

et al. 2021

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“…Black start operation is the process of reviving a power system or a part of power system back to the operational mode from a partial or full shutdown (independent of another power system). Blackouts (situation of total or partial power loss in power system due to unexpected transmission system or generation failure) are the least desired scenarios for power systems and result in social and economic loss [26]. Restoration of power system after a blackout comprises a set of coordinated actions of many power system components and is very complex given the numerous generators, loads and transmission system constraints [27].…”

Section: Black Start Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Ancillary Services and HVDC Systems in European Context

Kaushal

Hertem

2019

Energies

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Liberalization of electricity markets has brought focus on the optimal use of generation and transmission infrastructure. In such a scenario, where the power transmission systems are being operated closer to their critical limits, Ancillary Services (AS) play an important role in ensuring secure and cost-effective operation of power systems. Emerging converter-based HVDC technologies and integration of renewable energy sources (RES) have changed the power system dynamics which are based on classical power plant operation and synchronous generator dynamics. Transmission system interconnections between different countries and integrated energy markets in Europe have led to a reduction in the use of energy from non-renewable fossil-based sources. This review paper gives an insight into ancillary services definitions and market practices for procurement and activation of these ancillary services in different control areas within the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E). The focus lies particularly on ancillary services from HVDC systems. It is foreseen that DC elements will play an important role in the control and management of the future power system and in particular through ancillary services provision. Keeping this in view, the capability of HVDC systems to provide ancillary services is presented.

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