Black-Start Capability of DFIG Wind Turbines Through a Grid-Forming Control Based on the Rotor Flux Orientation

Rodriguez-Amenedo, José Luis; Arnaltes, Santiago; Martínez, Jesús Castro; Alonso-Martínez, Jaime

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3120478

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although type-3 wind generators with the above two GFM control schemes can operate in the island case, the black start is still a big challenge. To achieve the black start, another scheme with an auxiliary uninterrupted power supply (UPS) on the dc-link has been proposed in (Zhu et al, 2018) and(Rodríguez-Amenedo et al, 2021), as shown in Figure 12. The overall control scheme of this method is basically the same as the control scheme in Figure 9.…”

Section: Frontiers In Energy Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and potential solutions of grid-forming converters applied to wind power generation system—An overview

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Energy Res.

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As the capacity of wind power generation increases, grid-forming (GFM) wind turbine generators are deemed as promising solutions to support the system frequency for future low inertia power grids. So far, the GFM converter with a nearly ideal dc voltage source has been studied thoroughly. However, when the GFM converter is applied to wind power applications, there are some realistic problems and challenges, such as coordinating wind turbine control and GFM control, limited energy to support the grid, variable wind speed, etc. These problems still need more discussion. In this paper, an overview of challenges and potential solutions of GFM converters applied to wind power generation systems are provided, where different energy reserving schemes, GFM control schemes, and overcurrent protection schemes are compared and discussed. Finally, a few perspectives on future trends are shared according to the authors’ knowledge.

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Section: Frontiers In Energy Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and potential solutions of grid-forming converters applied to wind power generation system—An overview

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Front. Energy Res.

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“…After the system runs stably, WT2 adopts primary frequency modulation control, shown in formula (18):…”

Section: 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the randomness and volatility of the output power of the WT and the wide application of energy storage devices, the battery energy storage system (BESS) can be equipped to stabilize the wind power fluctuation and improve the reliability of the black-start process of the WT. In [18], a novel grid-forming control for a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based on rotor flux linkage orientation is proposed. In [19], a hierarchical model predictive control is proposed for WTs equipped with an energy storage system, which consists of frequency regulation mode and reserve recovery mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An improved damping adaptive grid‐forming control for black start of permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines supported with battery energy storage system

Meng

Wang

et al. 2023

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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Permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) equipped with back-to-back gridforming converters have the ability to form a 100% renewable energy power grid. Black-start is the key capability of grid-forming converters when restoring the system from a blackout. It is necessary for a grid-forming converter of the PMSG to operate in black-start and grid-connected active support modes. This paper investigates an improved damping adaptive grid-forming (DA-GFM) control method for PMSG wind turbines to suppress system frequency fluctuations and achieve a smooth black start. The proposed DA-GFM control introduces the frequency variations and natural constant function to adaptively adjust its damping coefficient in the dynamic operating progress. The implementations and effects of the proposed DA-GFM control method on the grid-forming converter are theoretically evaluated. Additionally, the detailed black-start operation process is completely studied through a microgrid system with two PMSG wind turbines and energy storages. Compared with the conventional grid-forming control, the proposed control scheme can not only suppress frequency fluctuations better, but also achieve a smooth forming power grid process. Finally, experiment tests on a controller-level hardware-inthe-loop simulation platform are carried out to validate the proposed control strategy for achieving a smooth black start.

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“…The switching frequency will be reduced if the switch is opened because the impedance is extremely high. To keep the current flowing towards the massive amount, the magnetic field that was previously created will be disturbed [13].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis and Control of Autonomous Wind System with Afpsg Feeding

2022

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The generate mechanical power or electricity is known as wind power or wind energy, Wind turbines convert the wind's kinetic energy into a mechanical energy-based combination of two or more energy sources that generate efficient energy power. In the existing method autonomous wind-solar hybrid energy system feeding 3-phase 4-wire loads, and it Contains some drawbacks output, not efficiency, high maintenance, Power quality is low, overcome the drawbacks wind system with AFPM feeding to improve power quality.Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Generator for small wind turbine power generation systems with brushless motors synchronous machine. Because the generator's mechanical frequency changes, the rotor switching frequency must start changing to maintain the stator switching frequency constant. In a wind generator with variable speeds, low balanced dynamical stack, and varying wind accelerations, rotor excitation is permitted for a wind turbine's stator to supply a load or feed the grid. A boost converter is used to increase the DC voltage of the battery before it is given to the single-phase DC-DC Chopper, and the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) technique is used to maximize the energy output.When the switch is open, no current flows through it, converting the unregulated DC input to a controlled DC output with the desired voltage level, there is no voltage drop across the switch when it is closed in the DC-DC Chopper. The proposed system is simulated using MATLAB Simulink, the output result is improved and getting better efficiency when compared to the proposed method.

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Black-Start Capability of DFIG Wind Turbines Through a Grid-Forming Control Based on the Rotor Flux Orientation

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

Challenges and potential solutions of grid-forming converters applied to wind power generation system—An overview

Challenges and potential solutions of grid-forming converters applied to wind power generation system—An overview

An improved damping adaptive grid‐forming control for black start of permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines supported with battery energy storage system

Performance Analysis and Control of Autonomous Wind System with Afpsg Feeding

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