Black holes and quantumness on macroscopic scales

Abstract

It has recently been suggested that black holes may be described as condensates of weakly interacting gravitons at a critical point, exhibiting strong quantum effects. In this paper, we study a model system of attractive bosons in one spatial dimension which is known to undergo a quantum phase transition. We demonstrate explicitly that indeed quantum effects are important at the critical point, even if the number of particles is macroscopic. Most prominently, we evaluate the entropy of entanglement between different momentum modes and observe it to become maximal at the critical point. Furthermore, we explicitly see that the leading entanglement is between long wavelength modes and is hence a feature independent of ultraviolet physics. If applicable to black holes, our findings substantiate the conjectured breakdown of semiclassical physics even for large black holes. This can resolve long standing mysteries, such as the information paradox and the no-hair theorem. arXiv:1212.3344v1 [hep-th]

Black holes as self-sustained quantum states and Hawking radiation

“…The analysis of this transition might be crucial in order to determine whether the star indeed ever reaches the state of BEC black hole (according to Refs. [1,7], a black hole is precisely the state at the quantum phase transition), or just approaches that asymptotically, or, for any reasons, avoids it. A starting point for tackling this issue in a toy model could be the Klein-Gordon equation with both matter and "graviton" currents,…”

“…Recent works by Dvali and Gomez have offered a new perspective on the quantum aspects of black hole physics [1], and are drawing more and more attention [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. The idea is very simple: a black hole can be modelled as a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of gravitons interacting with each other.…”

High-energy gravitational scattering and Bose-Einstein condensates of gravitons

“…A number of essential black-hole features have been matched by estimates in this language such as Bekenstein entropy and Hawking temperature (cf. also [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]). Such a picture can potentially improve our understanding conceptually, but also quantitatively, if 1/N corrections to the leading behaviour can be evaluated.…”

Quantum portrait of a black hole with Pöschl-Teller potential

“…The condition (2.5) requires a 1 = 0. Therefore, the solution for χ(r) is found to be 12) with C denoting a normalization constant.…”

“…The quantum Nportrait may also shed light upon the species problem [8], whereas extending the idea of quantum compositeness to other gravitational backgrounds has far-reaching consequences for cosmology [9,10], for earlier ideas see, e.g., [11]. For relates studies, see [12][13][14].…”