“…Black ginseng (BG) is a new style of processed ginseng manufactured from white ginseng with nine steaming cycles, which turns the ginseng black in color. It has been reported that a frequent heatingimproves antioxidant activity [ 16 ]. BG has been found to contain relatively lower polar ginsenosides compared to the white and red ginseng, and 19 ginsenosides were discovered such as Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1, Rg6, F4, Rk3, Rh4, 20(S)-, 20(R)-Rg3, 20(S)-, 20(R)-Rs3, Rk1, Rg5, Rs4 and Rs5 using high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD), Our previous study confirmed and identified composition and amounts of ginsenosides of BG, such as Rg1, Re, Rf, Rh1(S and R), Rh2 (S and R), Rb1, Rc, F1, Rb2, Rb3, F2, Rg3 (S and R), PPT (S and R), K, Rh2 (S and R), PPD and total ginsenosides in the leaf and roots.…”