Black field cricket (<i>Teleogryllus commodus</i>) food preferences between sixteen pasture species

Blank, Robert H.; Olson, Mark L.; Cox, N. R.; Bell, Dugald

doi:10.1080/00288233.1980.10425376

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The composition of establishing plant communities may also be altered by selective consumption of seeds and seedlings. For example, black field crickets feed on ryegrass (and to a lesser extent clover) seeds in preference to those of paspalum and broadleaf weed species (Blank et al 1980).…”

Section: Invertebrate Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of subtropical grasses in temperate pastures: an overview

Campbell¹,

Wardle²,

Woods³

et al. 1995

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Subtropical grasses can be a significant component of northern North Island pastures. Several annual and perennial types with different functional characteristics are widely established, allowing a range of different climatic, soil and moisture situations to be colonised. Many of the species have persistent seed banks or vegetative propagation facilitating long-term persistence. Biochemical types associated with moist conditions arc most common but types associated with arid conditions are also represented. Abundant rainfall at temperatures above 25"C, and factors which reduce temperate grass productivity (lowered soil fertility and winter/spring grazing damage) appear to favour higher proportions of both annual and perennial subtropical grasses such as summer grass and paspalum. Grazing pressure and timing, and level of fertiliser inputs appear important for species such as ratstail and carpet grass in less productive sites; The nature of competitive interactions between subtropical (C,) species and temperate (C,) species is poorly understood and invertebrate herbivory can be important in altering the balance between these species. An analysis of present subtropical grass species distributions in northern districts of New Zealand indicates that knowledge of the underlying species biological characteristics is useful in predi'cting subtropical grass abundance. To predict likely problem years and to develop management strategies to minimise problems, a better understanding is needed of the effects of climate on subtropical grass abundance in temperate pastures and competitive interactions. There may be scope for developing improved varieties for dry areas. Keywords: C,, C,, climate, competition, ecology, grazing, pasture, subtropical grasses, temperate

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Section: Invertebrate Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of subtropical grasses in temperate pastures: an overview

Campbell¹,

Wardle²,

Woods³

et al. 1995

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“…Here, we use dietary manipulation to determine the effects of oxidative damage and antioxidant protection on the association between lifespan and reproduction in male and female Australian field crickets, Teleogryllus commodus . In the wild, these generalist omnivorous eat foliage, seeds and seedlings and also cannibalize one another [ 30 ]. Crickets are an excellent model for examining the link between reproduction, aging and lifespan [ 31 ] because reproductive effort can be easily measured in both sexes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Effects of DL-Alpha-Tocopherol Supplementation on Oxidative Damage, Total Antioxidant Protection and the Sex-Specific Responses of Reproductive Effort and Lifespan to Dietary Manipulation in Australian Field Crickets (Teleogryllus commodus)

et al. 2015

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The oxidative stress theory predicts that the accumulation of oxidative damage causes aging. More generally, oxidative damage could be a cost of reproduction that reduces survival. Both of these hypotheses have mixed empirical support. To better understand the life-history consequences of oxidative damage, we fed male and female Australian field crickets (Teleogryllus commodus) four diets differing in their protein and carbohydrate content, which have sex-specific effects on reproductive effort and lifespan. We supplemented half of these crickets with the vitamin E isoform dl-alpha-tocopherol and measured the effects of nutrient intake on lifespan, reproduction, oxidative damage and antioxidant protection. We found a clear trade-off between reproductive effort and lifespan in females but not in males. In direct contrast to the oxidative stress theory, crickets fed diets that improved their lifespan had high levels of oxidative damage to proteins. Supplementation with dl-alpha-tocopherol did not significantly improve lifespan or reproductive effort. However, males fed diets that increased their reproductive investment experienced high oxidative damage to proteins. While this suggests that male reproductive effort could elevate oxidative damage, this was not associated with reduced male survival. Overall, these results provide little evidence that oxidative damage plays a central role in mediating life-history trade-offs in T. commodus.

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“…Herbage loss in this study cannot be directly equated with food consumed, because black field crickets have been observed to fell herbage which is not eaten (Blank et al 1980). However, in these trials there was no evidence to suggest that herbage was wasted; the dead matter component of the cricket treatments was not increased relative to the controls (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…ha-1 DM. Field populations 01'83 m-2 (December quadrat counts) have been recorded (Blank 1980), and were found to be responsible for large pasture losses over the January-May period (Blank 1979). In severe outbreaks popUlations may range much higher than 100 m-2 although field populations of 5-60 m-2 are probably more common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%