‘Black Athletes in White Men's Games’: Race, Sport and American National Pastimes

Wiggins, David

doi:10.1080/09523367.2013.857313

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…27 Notably, most of the Black athletes (92.0% vs 69.3%) in the current sample participated in higher concussion risk sports such as football and basketball. Collectively, these data highlight sport-based differences 28,29 and could be related to Black athletes having less of an opportunity, or access to more affluent sports throughout their lifetime; 27 and, this difference is a relevant edifice for concussion disclosure interventions designed for sports that may have higher Black representation. When racial demographics in HS and college athletics are monitored, Black athletes tend to frequent higher membership in contact sports than their White counterparts; and, this difference may underlie historical racial discrimination, affordability of certain sports, and limited accessibility to sportspecific infrastructure (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Examining Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Athletes Using a Health Disparities Framework and Consideration of Social Determinants of Health

Wallace

Beidler

et al. 2021

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: There is limited research concerning the relationship between social determinants of health, including race, healthcare access, socioeconomic status (SES), and physical environment; and, concussion nondisclosure in college-athletes. However, in high school athletes, disparities have been noted, with Black athletes attending under-resourced schools and lacking access to an athletic trainer (AT) disclosing fewer concussions. Objective: To investigate whether concussion nondisclosure disparities exist by 1) race, 2) SES, and 3) AT healthcare access prior to college; and to understand the differential reasons for concussion nondisclosure between Black and White college-athletes. Design: Cross-sectional Setting: College athletics Participants: 735 college-athletes (84.6% White, 15.4% Black) Main Outcome Measures: Participants completed a questionnaire that directly assessed concussion nondisclosure, including reasons for not reporting a suspected concussion. With the premise of investigating social determinants of health, race was the primary exposure of interest. The outcome of interest, nondisclosure, was assessed with a binary (yes/no) question, “Have you ever sustained a concussion that you did not report to your coach, athletic trainer, parent, teammate, or anyone else?” Results: Overall, among White and Black athletes 15.6% and 17.7% respectively reported a history of concussion nondisclosure. No significant differences were found by race for distributions of history of concussion nondisclosure (p=0.57). Race was not associated with concussion nondisclosure when evaluated as an effect modification measure or confounder; and, no significant associations were noted by SES or high school AT access. Differences by race for reported reasons for nondisclosure were found for: “At the time I did not think it was a concussion” (p=0.045) and “I thought my teammates would think I am weak” (p=0.03) with Black athletes reporting these more frequently than White athletes. Conclusions: These data help to contextualize race and its intersection with other social determinants of health that could influence concussion nondisclosure outcomes in college-athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This ostracizing from athletic competition discouraged the Black community from participating in certain sports, further marginalizing the Black community from the White majority due to certain sports being unavailable. 28…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Athletes Using a Health Disparities Framework and Consideration of Social Determinants of Health

Wallace

Beidler

et al. 2021

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…The symbolic affiliation of a racial identity and physical activity is achieved in part through historical precedent. Segregation in the United States was so rampant and widespread that Black activists had to strategically use certain sports to fight against inequality (Martin, 2010; Wiggins, 2014). Early 20th-century activists centered sports that were already present in Black communities and in which Black athletes had gained moderate public followings such as football, track, and baseball (Wiggins, 2014).…”

Section: Disposition: How Sports Become Whitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Segregation in the United States was so rampant and widespread that Black activists had to strategically use certain sports to fight against inequality (Martin, 2010; Wiggins, 2014). Early 20th-century activists centered sports that were already present in Black communities and in which Black athletes had gained moderate public followings such as football, track, and baseball (Wiggins, 2014). The present-day celebration and elevation of Black athletes in football and track reinforces positive associations between Blackness and these sports (Lumpkin, 2013).…”

Section: Disposition: How Sports Become Whitementioning

confidence: 99%

White Property Interests in College Athletic Admissions

Hextrum

2021

Journal of Sport and Social Issues

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Dominant cultural narratives position college sports as engines of racial integration and upward mobility. Previous studies examined the chances for low-income men of color becoming athletes in two sports: men’s football and basketball. While highly visible, these athletes represent the minority of participants. The majority of college athletes are White and middle class. In this conceptual article, I apply Cheryl Harris’ whiteness as property framework to identify the institutional conditions that prevent college sports from functioning as integrative and mobility engines and instead protect Whites’ privileged access to higher education via sport.

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“…Por sua vez, a abordagem crítica e protagonista sobre o grupo em destaque concentra-se nos sentidos e significados que os próprios indivíduos atribuem às suas ações, bem como nas suas realizações coletivas. Entende a trajetória afro-brasileira como um processo "cheio de nuances, com avanços e recuos estratégicos" (Miller, 1999, apud, Domingues, 2009, próprio das tensões sociais que implicam o ser negro em um mundo idealizado e dominado pelos brancos (Fernandes, 1972), bem como o ser atleta negro em esportes de homens brancos (Wiggins, 2014).…”

Section: Protagonismo Afro-brasileirounclassified

Among identities, claims and resignifications: Memories of the Afro-Brazilian protagonism in the Olympic Sport by Soraia André

Ferreira¹,

Rúbio²

2019

Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2019 - Rio 2016 Olympic Games Second Anniversary Special Edition

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This research investigates and analyzes the trajectory of the Afro-Brazilian Olympic athlete Soraia André , identifying through her memories, narratives and reflections the way in which she constructed and re-signified her identities during her process of insertion, participation and career transition in the sport. The theoretical and methodological bases of this analysis are inscribed in the field of postcolonial and Afrocentric thinking, through which a reflection and writing centred on the protagonism and agency undertaken by the person in focus is proposed. The biographical narrative comprises the main component of this approach that, within its limits, allows to observe the intersectionalities of gender, race and class that structure the relations of power and counterpower and how the cultural identities are articulated. Within this process stands out the athlete Soraia André, whose narrative retrieves in rich detail the complex paths taken by black women in Brazil to reach the Olympic condition and make sport their platform of emancipation.

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‘Black Athletes in White Men's Games’: Race, Sport and American National Pastimes

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Examining Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Athletes Using a Health Disparities Framework and Consideration of Social Determinants of Health

Examining Concussion Nondisclosure in Collegiate Athletes Using a Health Disparities Framework and Consideration of Social Determinants of Health

White Property Interests in College Athletic Admissions

Among identities, claims and resignifications: Memories of the Afro-Brazilian protagonism in the Olympic Sport by Soraia André

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