Bite marks on skin and clay: A comparative analysis

Gorea, RK; Jasuja, Om Prakash; Abuderman, Abdulwahab; Gorea, Abhinav

doi:10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.09.002

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our results are in concordance with a previous study done by Gorea et al (2005), in which they showed that wax and clay are good test bite media [19]. If the photographs were printed on the paper success rate was 92.02% on the clay [10], whereas by this method 100% identification was possible on the clay. This study has further shown that these media can be successfully used for bite mark analysis using a superimposition It is recommended that for better enhancement, whitener or nail polish (white or any other light color) may be applied while taking photographs of the bitten area on transparency sheet of non-perishable items.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Since then, various techniques for the comparison of dentition to bite marks left on the skin or other inanimate objects have been described [9]. Most of the studies in the literature are confined to bite marks examination immediately after the bite mark is created [10]. The authors of this paper propose this technique for the analysis of bite marks present on both perishable and non-perishable objects at two different times and temperature ranges.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reliability and Analysis of Changes in Bite Marks at Different Time Intervals and Temperature Ranges

2017

AJFSFM

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clay, and rubber. Photographs were taken with a digital camera at 0-hours and 24-hours after biting these objects at temperature ranges of 24 ºC to 28 ºC and 36 ºC to 40 ºC, respectively. Life-size photographs of these bitten objects were printed on transparent overlays and compared to hand drawn transparencies prepared from suspect dentition using an X-ray viewer.The comparison of all the 960 transparencies was done by two researchers, independently.All objects gave a positive identification of the biter on matching just after biting. After 24-hours, all items also showed positive matching except banana and apples. This proposed method is simple, reliable and less technique sensitive. It narrows down the subjectivity of interpretation. It highlights that due to decomposition changes occur in perishable food items and more so in apples and bananas, making bite marks less reliable evidence. ‫فرتات‬ ‫على‬ ‫الع�ض‬ ‫عالمات‬ ‫يف‬ ‫التغريات‬ ‫وحتليل‬ ‫موثوقية‬ AbstractThe purpose of this study is to assess time-dependent changes in the morphology of bite marks and to investigate the utility of matching bite marks on both perishable and non-perishable objects with the passage of time at different temperatures.The study was conducted at Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Gwalior, India.Twenty volunteers were asked to bite 6 perishable and non-perishable items. Perishable items were apple, banana and Burfi, (a milk-based popular sweet confectionary) while non-perishable items included wax,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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confidence: 99%

Reliability and Analysis of Changes in Bite Marks at Different Time Intervals and Temperature Ranges

2017

AJFSFM

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“…According to Pretty and Turnbull, the central doctrine of bite mark analysis is based on two assumptions; firstly that human teeth are unique and secondly that sufficient detail of the uniqueness is rendered during the biting process to facilitate identification [5, 6]. Distinctiveness and uniqueness of human dentition allows the forensic odontologists to achieve a strong judgment in cases of personal identification and bite mark analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bite marks if analyzed properly can prove the involvement of a particular person or persons in a meticulous crime [9]. West et al felt that bite marks on the human skin can be experimentally created to a level that permits comparison to bites delivered in combative or life-threatening situations, and more research is needed using living subjects to explore a variety of experimental situations [5]. One of the most remarkable, difficult, and sometimes troublesome challenges in forensic dentistry is the identification, recovery, and analysis of the bite marks with the suspected biters [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Computer-Assisted Method of Bite Mark Analysis for Gender Determination

Maji

Khaitan

Sinha

et al. 2018

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Background Bite mark analysis is an imperative area of forensic odontology and considered the commonest form of dental evidence presented in the criminal court. The process of comparing bite marks with a suspect's dentition includes analysis and measurement of shape, size, and position of an individual's teeth. The present study was aimed to evaluate the bite marks of males and females using a novel indirect computer-assisted method and explicate its application in forensic odontology. Materials and methods 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) with normal occlusion were included in the present study. Bite registrations were obtained with help of modelling waxes, and positive replicas were prepared with dental stone and barium powder. Intraoral periapical radiographs were taken for the same. The radiographs obtained were scanned and analyzed by measuring tools using Sidexis Next Generation software. Intercanine distance (ICD), line AB, angle ABX, and angle ABY were measured. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to compare the bite marks of males and females. Results The mean ICD of males and females was found to be 32.95 mm and 29.84 mm, respectively, and was statistically highly significant with a p value <0.001. The mean ICD, line AB, and angle ABX were found to be higher in males when compared to females. Conclusion Analysis of bite marks using this novel computer-assisted method is a simple, reliable, easily reproducible, and economical technique with confidentiality of the identity of the participants involved.

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“…However, the pattern it leaves as evidence can be mimicked by other people's dentition. Such analysis can often be useful during the investigation of violent crimes, especially those involving sexual assault (Gorea et al 2014). In some crimes, bite mark evidence is the only evidence on which conviction has been achieved, particularly alleged rape and child abuse cases (Afsin et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superimposed polygonal approximation analysis comparing 2D photography and 3D scanned images of bite marks on human skin

Rizwal

Azahar

Reduwan

et al. 2021

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background Preservation of bite marks evidence has always been a major problem in forensic odontology due to progressive loss of details as time passes. The use of 2D photographs has been widely used to document forensic evidence and preserving bite marks; however, there are limitations to this method. This study aims to measure the accuracy of the 3D scanned image in comparison to 2D photograph registration of experimental bite marks. Thirty volunteers performed self-exertions of a bite mark on the respective forearm of subjects. A 2D photograph and 3D scanned image was immediately registered following bite mark exercise using a conventional camera and Afinia EinScan-Pro 2X PLUS Handheld 3D Scanner, respectively. The outlines of the bite mark were transformed into a polygonal shape. Next, the polygonal approximation analysis was performed by an arbitrary superimposition method. The difference between surface areas of both images was calculated (2D photographs ̶ 3D scanned images). Results A paired t test was used to measure significance with α = 0.05. The mean surface area of 2D photographs and 3D scanned images is 31.535 cm2 and 31.822 cm2, respectively. No statistical difference was found between both mean surface areas (p > 0.05). The mean error (ME) is 0.287 ± 3.424 cm2 and the mean absolute error (MAE) is 1.733 ± 1.149 cm2. Conclusion Bite marks registered with the 3D scanned image are comparable to the standard 2D photograph for bite mark evaluations. The use of a 3D scan may be adopted as a standard operating procedure in the forensic application, especially for evidence preservation.

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Bite marks on skin and clay: A comparative analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Reliability and Analysis of Changes in Bite Marks at Different Time Intervals and Temperature Ranges

Reliability and Analysis of Changes in Bite Marks at Different Time Intervals and Temperature Ranges

A Novel Computer-Assisted Method of Bite Mark Analysis for Gender Determination

Superimposed polygonal approximation analysis comparing 2D photography and 3D scanned images of bite marks on human skin

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