Bit by Bit: Using Design-Based Research to Improve the Health Literacy of Adolescents

Subramaniam, Mega; Jean, Beth St.; Taylor, Natalie Greene; Kodama, Christie; Follman, Rebecca; Casciotti, Dana

doi:10.2196/resprot.4058

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…In addition, after opening one of the top results, they frequently continue their search only if they are not satisfied with the obtained information. If the first page clicked provides an answer to their question, they complete their internet-based search without evaluating the source [6,11]. However, evaluating the source can help readers assess the reliability and quality of the provided information [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They often only evaluate the length of text or the design of a webpage [20]. When middle school students (aged 10-15 years) are asked to evaluate an internet source, it is usually very difficult for them to determine which person or organization authored the information and to assess the actual expertise of the author [11]. Although ninth grade students have a basic idea of the concept of evaluation criteria, they often have difficulties in applying them to information on the internet [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Health information-seeking skills (finding information) and source evaluation skills (appraising information to make appropriate decisions) can be considered strongly related to health literacy. In addition to information seeking skills and source evaluation skills, reading literacy (understanding information) and self-efficacy are important influencing factors for health literacy [11]. The concept of self-efficacy was discovered and described by the sociocognitive action theorist Albert Bandura [34][35][36] and means "own trust in one's own ability."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of self-efficacy was discovered and described by the sociocognitive action theorist Albert Bandura [34][35][36] and means "own trust in one's own ability." Self-efficacy regarding information seeking and understanding is considered important to start the information seeking process in the first place [11] and supports a person's inclination to make health-related decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internet-Based Health Information–Seeking Behavior of Students Aged 12 to 14 Years: Mixed Methods Study

Maitz

Sendlhofer

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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Background Many children and adolescents are surrounded by smartphones, tablets, and computers and know how to search the internet for almost any information. However, very few of them know how to select proper information from reliable sources. This can become a problem when health issues are concerned, where it is vital to identify incorrect or misleading information. The competence to critically evaluate digital information on health issues is of increasing importance for adolescents. Objective The aim of this study was to assess how children and adolescents rate their internet-based health literacy and how their actual literacy differs from their ratings. In addition, there was a question on how their search performance is related to their self-efficacy. To evaluate these questions, a criteria-based analysis of the quality of the websites they visited was performed. Finally, the possibility to increase their internet-based health literacy in a 3-day workshop was explored. Methods A workshop with a focus on health literacy was attended by 14 children and adolescents in an Austrian secondary school. After prior assessments (Culture Fair Intelligence Test, revised German version; Reading Speed and Reading Comprehension Test for Grades 6 to 12, German; electronic health literacy scale [eHEALS]; and General Self-Efficacy Scale, Reversed Version, German), the students were asked to perform an internet-based search on a health-related issue. Browser histories and screenshots of all internet searches were gathered, clustered, and analyzed. After the workshop, the health literacy of the students was assessed again by using the eHEALS. Results The 14 students opened a total of 85 homepages, but only eight of these homepages were rated as good or fair by two experts (independent rating) based on specific criteria. The analysis showed that the students judged their own internet-based health literacy much higher than the actual value, and students who had rated themselves better did not visit websites of high quality. Internet-based health literacy correlated significantly with the self-efficacy of the students (rs=0.794, P=.002). Conclusions Our study showed that it is possible to draw the attention of students to critical aspects of internet search and to slightly improve their search competence in a workshop. Targeted improvement of health literacy is urgently required, and students need special instruction for this purpose. Further investigations in this area with larger sets of data, which could be feasible with the help of a computer program, are urgently needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Internet-Based Health Information–Seeking Behavior of Students Aged 12 to 14 Years: Mixed Methods Study

Maitz

Sendlhofer

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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“…This problem is magnified due to the vulnerability of most Internet users, especially the adolescents information seekers who lack health literacy [9]. They usually do not depend on quality criteria while choosing OHI sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Health Usage and Awareness among MedicalStudents: A Survey Study

Hassan

Elsalamony

Abdelaziz

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: In the era of increasingly expanding digital ecosystem, health misinformation became highly risky, especially the information sources which are non-evidence based. This problem is magnified due to the vulnerability of most internet users, especially the adolescents information seekers who lack health literacy. AIM: The aim of this study is to explore the pattern of digital health usage among medical university students and their level of awareness towards choosing online health information (OHI). METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 480 medical students from 1st, 2nd, and 3rd academic years, at the Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, between October 2019 and October 2020. Students took an online structured questionnaire on google forms. RESULTS: Mobile smartphones were the most widely used technological devices by participants. Almost all participants used Internet daily 98.8%, with the highest preference to social media 72.5% and text messaging 74.8%. Seeking health information was a common practice for personal health-related purpose of using Internet 87.1%, despite the lack in checking the reliability of messages and quality of provider. Knowledge about advantages and disadvantages of digital tools was also deficient among participant medical students. CONCLUSION: Despite the high technology adoption among the university medical students, they lack the needed knowledge and skills for proper search, choosing, and evaluation of OHI.

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Human values and trust in scientific journals, the mainstream media and fake news

Verma

Fleischmann

Koltai

2017

Proc. Assoc. Info. Sci. Tech.

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What factors influence trust in online information?Americans increasingly get information from social media, public distrust in the mainstream media is growing and "fake news" is an important new phenomenon. This paper examines the factors that influence trust in scientific claims posted via social media, including the use of hyperlinks and readers' values. The paper describes a crowdsourcing-based experimental design using Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. The core of the experiment was a set of 10 scientific findings reported in open-access, peer-reviewed scientific journals, which were in turn linked to in articles in both the mainstream media and "fake news" sites. Data analysis involved exploration of relationships between trust and the presence or absence of hyperlinks, and between trust and human values using nonparametric statistical methods. In terms of the influence of hyperlinks on trust, inclusion of hyperlinks to scientific journals, mainstream media articles, and even hidden URLs led to higher trust than hyperlinks to "fake news" sites or posts without hyperlinks (p < 0.001). Participants who clicked on hyperlinks to scientific articles placed higher trust in the claims than those who did not (p < 0.001). In terms of the influence of values on trust, values had the most impact in cases where individuals saw, but decided not to click on, hyperlinks; this finding seems to indicate that in the absence of firsthand examination of the hyperlinked sites, participants tend to rely more heavily on their values to determine their trust in a scientific claim. These findings indicate that both the presence and absence of hyperlinks and the values of the reader both significantly impact trust judgments.

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Bit by Bit: Using Design-Based Research to Improve the Health Literacy of Adolescents

Cited by 51 publications

References 44 publications

Internet-Based Health Information–Seeking Behavior of Students Aged 12 to 14 Years: Mixed Methods Study

Internet-Based Health Information–Seeking Behavior of Students Aged 12 to 14 Years: Mixed Methods Study

Digital Health Usage and Awareness among MedicalStudents: A Survey Study

Human values and trust in scientific journals, the mainstream media and fake news

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