Bistability and Oscillatory Motion of Natural Nanomembranes Appearing within Monolayer Graphene on Silicon Dioxide

Mashoff, T.; Pratzer, M.; Герингер, Виктор; Echtermeyer, T. J.; Lemme, Max C.; Liebmann, Marcus; Morgenstern, Markus

doi:10.1021/nl903133w

Cited by 110 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

148

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since this effect is reproducible on the same position, appears at different voltages for different positions and has never been observed on Au(111) with the same setup, we attribute it to the properties of the graphene sample. We suggest that dielectric forces are responsible, which might lead to a non-linear mechanical movement of the flake 26 . Thus, dI/dV spectroscopy on graphene seems to be very susceptible to signals not related to the LDOS.…”

Section: The Discovery Of Graphene In 2004mentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrical transport and low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of microsoldered graphene

Герингер

Subramaniam

Michel

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Using the recently developed technique of microsoldering, we perform systematic transport studies of the influence of PMMA on graphene revealing a doping effect of up to ∆n = 3.8×10 12 cm −2 , but negligible influence on mobility and hysteresis. Moreover, we show that microsoldered graphene is free of contamination and exhibits very similar intrinsic rippling as found for lithographically contacted flakes. Finally, we demonstrate a current induced closing of the previously found phonon gap appearing in scanning tunneling spectroscopy, strongly non-linear features at higher bias probably caused by vibrations of the flake and a B-field induced double peak attributed to the 0.Landau level.1 arXiv:0912.2218v1 [cond-mat.mes-hall]

show abstract

Section: The Discovery Of Graphene In 2004mentioning

confidence: 92%

Electrical transport and low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of microsoldered graphene

Герингер

Subramaniam

Michel

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The bright protrusions near the edges in Fig. 1 are due to a known imaging instability 23 , rather than edge defects or impurities. Upon optimizing the STM imaging the edges defined by STM lithography were found to be straight and close to atomically smooth, free of detectable impurities, reconstructions or curvature (Extended data: Fig.1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Room-temperature magnetic order on zigzag edges of narrow graphene nanoribbons

Magda

Jin

Hagymási

et al. 2014

Nature

697

622

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic order emerging in otherwise non-magnetic materials as carbon is a paradigmatic example of a novel type of s-p electron magnetism predicted to be of exceptional hightemperature stability 1 . It has been demonstrated that atomic scale structural defects of graphene can host unpaired spins 2,3 . However, it is still unclear under which conditions longrange magnetic order can emerge from such defect-bound magnetic moments. Here we propose that in contrast to random defect distributions, atomic scale engineering of graphene edges with specific crystallographic orientation -comprising edge atoms only from one sublattice of the bipartite graphene lattice -can give rise to a robust magnetic order. We employ a nanofabrication technique 4 based on Scanning Tunneling Microscopy to define graphene nanoribbons with nanometer precision and well-defined crystallographic edge orientations.While armchair ribbons display quantum confinement gap, zigzag ribbons narrower than 7 nm reveal a bandgap of about 0.2 -0.3 eV, which can be identified as a signature of 2 interaction induced spin ordering along their edges. Moreover, a semiconductor to metal transition is revealed upon increasing the ribbon width, indicating the switching of the magnetic coupling between opposite ribbon edges from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic configuration. We found that the magnetic order on graphene edges of controlled zigzag orientation can be stable even at room temperature, raising hope for graphene-based spintronic devices operating under ambient conditions.The intrinsic magnetism of graphite has a long and controversial history 1 . The origin of the measured magnetic signal is generally attributed to atomic scale structural defects locally breaking the sub-lattice balance of the bipartite hexagonal lattice 5,6 . However, the unambiguous identification of the structural sources of the measured magnetic signal has proven challenging as they are buried inside the bulk of the material. The isolation of single graphene layers 7 opens new prospects in this direction 8,9 as their atomic structure is fully accessible for imaging and controlled modification. In particular, graphene edges of specific (zigzag) crystallographic orientation comprising carbon atoms from only one sub-lattice of the bipartite hexagonal lattice are predicted to host magnetic order 10 , in striking contrast to armchair edges incorporating an equal number of carbon atoms from both sublattices.The strong influence of edge orientation on the electronic structure of graphene nanoribbons had However, the random orientation of the edges and the influence of a possible strong edge-substrate hybridization 21 did not allow full access to the nature of edge-magnetism in graphene. Though the 4 magnetic order is expected to persist to some extent on zigzag segments of randomly oriented graphene edges, the mixing of different edge types are expected to substantially weaken the effect 19,22 . Therefore, the lack of experimental control over the edge orientation seems one of the main ...

show abstract

“…In fact, when pristine suspended graphene is imaged via transmission electron microscopy [4] or scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) [5], its topography resembles a network of adjacent hemispherical surfaces with openings turning alternately either upward or downward. Yet, this natural intrinsic roughening is not the only allowable configuration; it is possible to rearrange the ripples to achieve lattice distortions of a desired shape, size, or periodicity [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene ripples as a realization of a two-dimensional Ising model: A scanning tunneling microscope study

Schoelz

Meunier

et al. 2015

Phys. Rev. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ripples in pristine freestanding graphene naturally orient themselves in an array that is alternately curved-up and curved-down; maintaining an average height of zero. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to apply a local force, the graphene sheet will reversibly rise and fall in height until the height reaches 60-70% of its maximum at which point a sudden, permanent jump occurs. We successfully model the ripples as a spin-half Ising magnetic system, where the height of the graphene is the spin. The permanent jump in height, controlled by the tunneling current, is found to be equivalent to an antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition. The thermal load underneath the STM tip alters the local tension and is identified as the responsible mechanism for the phase transition. Four universal critical exponents are measured from our STM data, and the model provides insight into the statistical role of graphene's unusual negative thermal expansion coefficient.

show abstract

Bistability and Oscillatory Motion of Natural Nanomembranes Appearing within Monolayer Graphene on Silicon Dioxide

Cited by 110 publications

References 29 publications

Electrical transport and low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of microsoldered graphene

Electrical transport and low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy of microsoldered graphene

Room-temperature magnetic order on zigzag edges of narrow graphene nanoribbons

Graphene ripples as a realization of a two-dimensional Ising model: A scanning tunneling microscope study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About