Bispyribac–Sodium Efficacy on Early Watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides) and Late Watergrass (Echinochloa Phyllopogon) as Affected by Coapplication of Selected Rice Herbicides and Insecticides

Abstract

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of application rate, growth stage, and tank mixing azimsulfuron, bentazon, MCPA, propanil, or cyhalofop on the efficacy of bispyribac–sodium against early watergrass and late watergrass from rice fields in northern Greece. Mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with the insecticides carbaryl, diazinon, and dichlorvos were also evaluated. Bispyribac–sodium (24 to 36 g ai/ha) applied alone at the three- to four-leaf growth stage provided 89 to 100% control of early watergrass and 84 to 100% control of late watergrass. When bispyribac–sodium was applied alone at the five- to six-leaf growth stage of early watergrass and late watergrass, control ranged from 78 to 100% and 71 to 100%, respectively. Mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with azimsulfuron provided better control of both species at any growth stage than bispyribac–sodium applied alone. On the contrary, mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with bentazon, MCPA, or propanil were less effective on both species at any growth stage than bispyribac–sodium applied alone. A slight efficacy reduction occurred on both species for the mixture of bispyribac–sodium with cyhalofop. Mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with the insecticides carbaryl or dichlorvos showed reduced efficacy on both species, whereas increased efficacy on both species was observed for mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with diazinon as compared with the single application of bispyribac–sodium.

Target‐site mutation associated with cross‐resistance to ALS‐inhibiting herbicides in late watergrass (Echinochloa oryzicola Vasing.)

“…The herbicides propanil, pretilachlor, molinate, thiobencarb, quinclorac, clomazone, mefenacet, fentrazamide, oxadiazon, pendimethalin, bispyribac‐sodium, penoxsulam, fenoxaprop‐ethyl, cyhalofop‐butyl and profoxydim control Echinochloa in rice effectively . Additionally, the introduction of imidazolinone‐resistant Clearfield™ rice cultivars makes selective control of Echinochloa and red rice ( Oryza sativa L.) possible with the use of imazamox and imazethapyr …”

Trinexapac-Ethyl Influences Bispyribac-Sodium Absorption and Efficacy for Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Control in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)

“…Bispyribac-sodium has been used for selective POST control of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] and other weeds in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Damalas et al 2008;Koger et al 2007;Pearson et al 2008;Schmidt et al 1999;Talbert and Burgos 2007) but was recently registered for POST annual bluegrass control in creeping bentgrass and perennial ryegrass (Anonymous 2004). Previous investigations have noted that bispyribac-sodium at 60 to 148 g ha 21 may reduce annual bluegrass populations but turfgrass discoloration may persist for 2 to 3 wk after applications (Askew et al 2004;Branham and Calhoun 2005;Lycan and Hart 2006a;McCullough and Hart 2008a, b;McDonald et al 2006a,b;Park et al 2002).…”

Determination of Morphological and Genetic Diversity of ALS (Acetolactate Synthase)- Herbicide-Resistant Echinochloa oryzoides Biotypes in Rice

“…Therefore, morphological similarity among populations ranged from 75% to 100%. In the literature, the presence or absence of awns is considered the first of the distinguishing features that differentiate E. oryzoides from other species of Echinochloa (Barret, 1983;Danquah et al, 2002;Damalas et al, 2008). In this study, length of the awn is known to have a significant negative correlation with the germination speed, number of tiller, plant stem diameter, number of spikelets and biomass parameters.…”

“…Beauv., Echinochloa colona (L.) Link, and Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard) Fritsch pose serious challenges to rice farming, both in Turkey and around the world (Holm et al, 1977;Damalas et al, 2008;Park et al, 2010;Altop et al, 2014;Moon et al, 2014;Kraehmer et al, 2015;Heap, 2016). E. oryzoides is considered to have infiltrated Turkey and other countries through contaminated rice seeds.…”