Bisphenol A removal from aqueous solutions using novel UV/persulfate/H2O2/Cu system: optimization and modelling with central composite design and response surface methodology

Abstract

BackgroundBisphenol A is a high production volume chemical widely used in manufacturing polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in many industries. Due to its adverse effects on human health as an endocrine disruptor and many other effects on the various organs of the human body as well as aquatic organisms, it should be removed from the aquatic environments. This study aimed to mineralisation of BPA from aquatic environments by application of novel UV/SPS/H2O2/Cu system and optimization and modelling of its removal using central composite design (CCD) from response surface methodology (RSM).MethodsCCD from RSM was used for modeling and optimization of operation parameters on the BPA degradation using UV/SPS/HP/Cu system. Effective operation parameters were initial persulfate, H2O2, Cu2+ and BPA concentration along with pH and reaction time, all in three levels were investigated. For analysis of obtained data ANOVA test was used.ResultsThe results showed that a quadratic model is suitable to fit the experimental data (p < 0.0001). Analysis of response surface plots showed a considerable impact of all six selected variables which BPA and Cu2+ initial concentrations have been the highest and the least impact on the process, respectively. F-value of model was 54.74 that indicate significance of the model. The optimum values of the operation parameters were determined. The maximum removal of BPA was achieved 99.99 % in optimal conditions and in that condition TOC removal was about 70 %. Finally, validation and accuracy of the model were also evaluated by graphical residual analysis and the influential diagnostics plots. The higher relevance between actual and predicted values demonstrated the validation and applicability of the obtained equation as the model.ConclusionsAccording to the results, UV/SPS/HP/Cu system is an effective process in degradation and mineralisation of BPA and CCD methodology is a convenient and reliable statistical tool for optimizing BPA removal from aqueous solutions.

Decolorization of synthetic textile wastewater using electrochemical cell divided by cellulosic separator

“…Furthermore, the R 2 coefficient was 0.963 for Y 1 , 0.703 for Y 2 , and 0.964 for Y 3 . With respect to R 2 value which measures the proportion of total variations in the dependent variable that can be explained by the model predicators [ 37 ], the models predictions were in good agreement with the experimental data. Since some of the variables were excluded from the regression model in the modification process, the R 2 index was calculated using the variables retained in the model and was named the adjusted R 2 .…”

Degradation of dimethyl phthalate using persulfate activated by UV and ferrous ions: optimizing operational parameters mechanism and pathway

“…In last decades, SPS have been incorporated as high-performance and strong in chemical oxidation of pollutants [17]. High soulubility in water, high affinity to react with contaminants, and lower production of hazardous by-products are the part of SPS advantages [18,19]. In the present research, persulfate anion (PS) with a redox potential of 2.01 were selected for following reasons.…”

Heterogeneous catalytic degradation of methylparaben using persulfate activated by natural magnetite; optimization and modeling by response surface methodology

“…Owing to the presence of highly reactive species, including sulfate (SO 4 •− ) and hydroxyl ( • OH) radicals, AOPs demonstrate good efficiency in the destruction of persistent organics . Recently, amongst different AOPs, researchers have shifted their focus onto persulfate (SPS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) as promising alternatives with high capability of producing SO 4 •− radicals . Sulfate radicals, with favorable advantages such as higher oxidation potential ( E 0 = 2.5–3.1 V versus normal hydrogen electrode), ease of reaction with organic pollutants through electron transfer, and higher selectivity in comparison with • OH radicals, have been commonly used for the degradation process of different kinds of non‐biodegradable pollutants in contaminated waters and soils.…”

“…19 Meanwhile, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), because of their environmentally friendly inherent characteristics, lower energy and material consumption and efficient decomposition of recalcitrant pollutants, have attracted great attention over the last decade. 20,21 Owing to the presence of highly reactive species, including sulfate (SO 4 •− ) and hydroxyl ( • OH) radicals, AOPs demonstrate good efficiency in the destruction of persistent organics. 22 Recently, amongst different AOPs, researchers have shifted their focus onto persulfate (SPS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) as promising alternatives with high capability of producing SO 4 •− radicals.…”

“…22 Recently, amongst different AOPs, researchers have shifted their focus onto persulfate (SPS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) as promising alternatives with high capability of producing SO 4 •− radicals. 20,21,23,24 Sulfate radicals, with favorable advantages such as higher oxidation potential (E 0 = 2.5-3.1 V versus normal hydrogen electrode), ease of reaction with organic pollutants through electron transfer, and higher selectivity in comparison with • OH radicals, 20,21 have been commonly used for the degradation process of different kinds of non-biodegradable pollutants in contaminated waters and soils. Besides, SO 4 •− radicals have higher stability in a wide range of solution pH compared with homogeneous Fenton processes.…”