Bisphenol A enhances apoptosis, fibrosis, and biochemical fluctuations in the liver of adult male rats with possible regression after recovery

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant that might be harmful. Human exposure to BPA can occur during the fetal and postnatal periods and extends throughout life. This study aimed to estimate the effects of oral administration of BPA on rat liver and assess the possibility of recovery after cessation. Adult male albino rats were orally administered with BPA (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks, and then one group was left to recover for 4 weeks. Histological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assessments were performed. Loss of hepatic architecture, vascular dilatation congestion, and exudation, as well as cellular vacuolation, fat accumulation, and pyknotic nuclei were detected. Furthermore, inflammatory infiltration, localized metaplasia, and excessive collagen deposition in the portal triad were observed. Expression of Bcl‐2‐associated X protein and transforming growth factor beta 1 was prominent, denoting apoptosis and fibrosis. After the administration of BPA, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low‐density lipoproteins were enhanced. Additionally, total protein, albumin, and high‐density lipoproteins decreased. After a recovery for 4 weeks, hepatic cellular and vascular pathologies returned to normal, except for some inflammatory infiltration. Regarding biochemical affection, most of the parameters were directed toward normal during recovery. However, most of them were still significantly different from controls. This explored BPA hepatotoxicity from structural and functional aspects, and the possible spontaneous reversibility was confirmed. However, the precise mechanisms underlying hepatotoxicity or recovery need more in‐depth investigations.

Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress, apoptosis, and biochemical fluctuations induced by bisphenol A in the kidney of rats

“…Four groups of 10 rats each were assigned: Group I (Control group) was then divided into subgroup (I), which was kept untreated, and subgroup (II), which was given 0.5 mL of corn oil, the diluting vehicle for Lyc and BPA; group II (Lyc group) was dosed with Lyc of 4 mg/kg /day (Pandir et al, 2016); group ΙΙІ (BPA group) received BPA at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day (Amin et al, 2023), and group ΙV (Lyc-BPA group) was given both Lyc and BPA as in previous groups. All preceding treatments were supplied orally by gavage as a single, newly generated daily dose for eight weeks.…”