Bismuth Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Nitrogen‐Rich Porous Carbon Nanofibers as a High‐Performance Anode for Aqueous Alkaline Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

AARBs development. However, although numerous studies have paid most attention to cathode materials, the development of anode materials is limited. [3] In most previous researches, Zn metal with high theoretical capacity (820 mA h g −1 ) was considered to be an anode material for AARBs. [4] Unfortunately, the Zn metal anode in alkaline electrolytes is inevitably burdened by dendrite growth and strong corrosion. [5] Additionally, iron or iron oxides are also chosen as anode materials for AARBs, but suffer from the low capacity and poor conductivity. [3f,6] To this end, the development of high-performance anode materials would hold great promise for AARBs.In the past few years, bismuth (Bi) metal has been noticed as a highly desirable anode material for AARBs by virtue of its high theoretical capacity (384.8 mAh g −1 ), reversible three-electron redox processes (Bi 0 /Bi 3+ ) and advantageous negative operating window in alkaline electrolytes. [3c,7] To date, various Bi-based materials were reported to optimize the performance. [8] In this regard, Zuo et al. first reported Bi electrode film on a Ti substrate as an encouraging anode for AARBs with high capacity of 170 mAh g −1 at current density of 0.5 A g −1 , yet the capacity only retained 60% after 90 cycles. [9] Further the cycling durability of Bi anode was optimized to more than 96% of after 10 000 cycles at 30 A g −1 by electrodepositing hierarchical single-crystalline Bi nanostructures on carbon cloth (CC), but with an inferior initial capacity of 96.2 mAh g −1 at 4.5 A g −1 . [10] After that, Zeng et al. prepared a 4D porous Bi nanoparticles/carbon structure to further optimize the electrochemical performance of Bi anodes, which in capacity was still only about 166.2 mAh g −1 at a current density of 0.47 A g −1 . What's more, although it yielded a remarkable 10 000 charge/ discharge cycles, the capacity was gradually declining. [11] Thus, advanced strategies are still looked forward to further boosting the new Bi anodes with both high capacity and stronger longterm durability.To date, surface carbon coating is regarded as a promising structure for electrodes, which has been widely studied in batteries, due to their merit of improving the electrode conductivity, [12] optimizing the surface chemistry of the active The aqueous alkaline rechargeable batteries (AARBs) have an attractive potential for electrochemical energy storage devices. In view of the advantages of high theoretical capacity and desirable negative operating window, bismuth (Bi) has been deemed as a hopeful anode material for AARBs. Unfortunately, intensive reported works of Bi anode are still confronted with limited capacity and poor cycling stability. Herein, the designed electrodes of different size Bi nanoparticles embedded in porous carbon nanofibers with a contrasting nitrogen doping content are obtained by electrospinning and thermal treatment processes. The effect of the N dopant in carbon shell is demonstrated on the Bi core, which is in favor of enhancing the capacity of Bi anode...

Facile Galvanic Replacement Construction of Bi@C Nanosheets Array as Binder‐Free Anodes for Superior Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Regarding the N1s spectrum (Figure 2f), three peaks observed at 398.2, 399.9, and 401.3 eV are attributed to pyridine-N (50.87%), pyrrole-N (43%), and graphite-N (6.13%), respectively. [35] In addition, Figure S10b (Supporting Information) supplements the C1s spectrum and identifies peaks located at 289.2 eV, 285.8 eV, and 284.8 eV, which are associated with O─C, C─N, and C─C bonds, respectively. [36] Furthermore, the TEM energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) element mapping of Bi@C-NSA (Figure 2g) confirms the uniform distribution and co-existence of Bi, O, N, and C elements, which matches the XPS results.…”

Bi-MOF-Derived Carbon Wrapped Bi Nanoparticles Assembly on Flexible Graphene Paper Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing of Multiple Heavy Metal Ions

“…Figure 2 H,I show that Bi-NPs have been anchored in the NC layer, as indicated by a lattice plane spacing of 0.327 nm corresponding to the (012) plane of Bi [ 28 ], and a lattice plane spacing of 0.34 nm corresponding to the (002) plane of C [ 29 ]. The surrounding hexagonal rings in the carbon domain derived from graphene tightly surround the Bi-NPs [ 30 ]. This stable chemical bond will enhance the stability of the electrode during testing and the affinity with the target ions.…”

Graphene quantum dot-mediated anchoring of highly dispersed bismuth nanoparticles on porous graphene for enhanced electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate

“…S4b †). 44,45 The prevalence of sp 2 -bonded carbon atoms indicates a relatively high degree of carbonization for Bi NPs@PG, suggesting excellent conductivity for the catalysts. Peaks at 530.7 eV and 533.4 eV in the O 1s spectrum are ascribed to the Bi-O bonds and chemisorbed oxygen or OH species, respectively (Fig.…”