Bisexual men with bisexual and monosexual genital arousal patterns

Slettevold, Erlend; Holmes, Luke; Gruia, Dragos C.; Nyssen, Christian P.; Watts-Overall, Tuesday M.; Rieger, Gerulf

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107763

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There was the possibility of an interaction between sex and sexual orientation affecting sexual response, because bisexual men's responses can be more bisexual than the responses of heterosexual or homosexual men, and the responses of homosexual women can be less bisexual than that of other women (Rieger et al, 2016;Slettevold et al, 2019). In fact, such patterns were found in the present data.…”

Section: Data Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 52%

Sex Differences in Sexual Arousal and Finger Length Ratio

Holmes

Watts-Overall

Slettevold

et al. 2021

The Journal of Sex Research

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Most men show sexual arousal to one, preferred sex, whereas most women respond to both sexes, regardless of their sexual orientation. A different research program indicates that men have lower secondto-fourth finger length ratios (2D:4D) than women, possibly because men are exposed to higher levels of androgens during prenatal development. We hypothesized that sex differences in sexual arousal patterns are influenced by prenatal androgen exposure and would thus be explained by sex differences in 2D:4D. We measured the sexual response patterns of 139 men and 179 women via genital arousal and pupil dilation to erotic videos, in addition to their 2D:4D. Compared to women, men showed stronger responses to one sex over the other, although this pattern was clearer in genital arousal than pupil dilation. Men also had lower 2D:4D than women. However, there was no evidence that sex differences in sexual arousal related to sex differences in 2D:4D. Thus, whichever factor explains sex differences in sexual arousal patterns may not be reflected in 2D:4D.

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Section: Data Treatmentsupporting

confidence: 52%

Sex Differences in Sexual Arousal and Finger Length Ratio

Holmes

Watts-Overall

Slettevold

et al. 2021

The Journal of Sex Research

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“…Participants for the constituent studies were recruited by researchers at four sites: Northwestern University in Evanston, IL (6,11,12,29), the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, Ontario, Canada (18), the University of Essex in Colchester, UK (15,30), and Cornell University in Ithaca, NY (17). Individual sample sizes and methodological differences between the studies are reported in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We counted as low responders (and excluded from initial analyses) participants who either 1) did not exhibit an average change of at least 2 mm in penile circumference to male or female stimuli compared to a baseline value; or 2) did not produce standardized mean genital arousal to at least one erotic stimulus category that exceeded that to neutral stimuli by more than half of an SD. These criteria have been used in most of the studies included herein (6,11,12,15,17,29). Another 36 participants were excluded from genital analyses because their data were incomplete or of poor quality (e.g., impossible values because of technical difficulties when running those participants).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Education data were available for 359 participants; educational attainment was not recorded in Jabbour et al ( 29 ), Watts et al ( 30 ), or Slettevold et al ( 15 ). Education was coded as 1 (no high school), 2 (some high school), 3 (high school diploma), 4 (some college), 5 (college graduate), or 6 (postgraduate student or degree).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One other study with stringent recruitment criteria (i.e., minimum criteria for both sexual and romantic experience across sexes) found evidence for bisexual arousal (12). A recent study using less stringent recruitment criteria also found evidence that bisexual-identified men had bisexual physiological arousal patterns (15). All existing studies have been of small to modest size; the largest had 114 participants.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Robust evidence for bisexual orientation among men

Jabbour

Holmes

Sylva

et al. 2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The question whether some men have a bisexual orientation—that is, whether they are substantially sexually aroused and attracted to both sexes—has remained controversial among both scientists and laypersons. Skeptics believe that male sexual orientation can only be homosexual or heterosexual, and that bisexual identification reflects nonsexual concerns, such as a desire to deemphasize homosexuality. Although most bisexual-identified men report that they are attracted to both men and women, self-report data cannot refute these claims. Patterns of physiological (genital) arousal to male and female erotic stimuli can provide compelling evidence for male sexual orientation. (In contrast, most women provide similar physiological responses to male and female stimuli.) We investigated whether men who self-report bisexual feelings tend to produce bisexual arousal patterns. Prior studies of this issue have been small, used potentially invalid statistical tests, and produced inconsistent findings. We combined nearly all previously published data (from eight previous studies in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada), yielding a sample of 474 to 588 men (depending on analysis). All participants were cisgender males. Highly robust results showed that bisexual-identified men’s genital and subjective arousal patterns were more bisexual than were those who identified as exclusively heterosexual or homosexual. These findings support the view that male sexual orientation contains a range, from heterosexuality, to bisexuality, to homosexuality.

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Gender Nonconformity of Bisexual Men and Women

et al. 2020

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The degree to which bisexual-identified individuals are distinct from either heterosexual or homosexual individuals in their sexual orientation is an ongoing debate. We examined potential differences between these groups with respect to a strong correlate of sexual orientation, gender nonconformity (femininity in males, masculinity in females). Across pooled data, we compared self-reports of childhood gender nonconformity (n = 919) and adulthood gender nonconformity (n = 1265), and observer ratings of adulthood gender nonconformity (n = 915) between sexual orientations. Most analyses suggested a steady increase in gender nonconformity from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual. However, in some analyses, bisexual men were closer to homosexual men than to heterosexual men in their gender nonconformity. The intermediate status of bisexual people in gender nonconformity was not due to the sample having a mixture of very gender-conforming and very gender-nonconforming individuals. In total, men and women with bisexual orientations appeared neither like heterosexual nor homosexual individuals, at least with respect to their gender-related traits.

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Bisexual men with bisexual and monosexual genital arousal patterns

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Sex Differences in Sexual Arousal and Finger Length Ratio

Sex Differences in Sexual Arousal and Finger Length Ratio

Robust evidence for bisexual orientation among men

Gender Nonconformity of Bisexual Men and Women

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