Bis(tetraethylammonium) oxalate dihydrate

McNeese, Timothy J.; Pike, Robert D.

doi:10.1107/s160053681203022x

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“…Bis(tetraethylammonium) oxalate ((TEA) 2 Ox)] was prepared by mixing tetraethylammonium hydroxide and oxalic acid in a 2:1 molar ratio. The solution was dried under vacuum at room temperature overnight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

et al. 2018

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Oxalate oxidation in the presence of different oxidized luminophores leads to the emission of light and has been studied extensively in electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL). The proposed mechanism involves the initial formation of the oxalate radical anion, C2O4 •–. The ensuing decomposition of C2O4 •– produces a very strong reductant, CO2 •–, which reacts with the oxidized luminophores to generate excited states that emit light. Although the mechanism has been proposed for decades, the experimental demonstration is still lacking, because of the complexity of the system and the short lifetimes of both radical anions. To address these issues, we studied oxalate oxidation at platinum ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solution by nanoscale scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) with the tip generation/substrate collection (TG/SC) mode. A Pt nanoelectrode was utilized as the SECM generator for oxalate oxidation, while another Pt UME served as the SECM collector and was used to capture the generated intermediates. We studied the influence of the gap distance, d, on the substrate current (i s). The results indicate that, when 73 nm < d < 500 nm, the species captured by the substrate were primarily CO2 •–, while C2O4 •– was the predominant intermediate measured when d was below 73 nm. A half-life of 1.3 μs for C2O4 •– was obtained, which indicates a stepwise mechanism for oxalate oxidation. The relevance of these observations to the use of oxalate as the coreactant in ECL systems is also discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the approach described here can be extended to the studies of other ECL coreactants, as well as other reactions involving bond cleavage and bond formation. 30 was prepared by mixing tetraethylammonium hydroxide and oxalic acid in a 2:1 molar ratio. The solution was dried under vacuum at room temperature overnight.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

et al. 2018

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Bis(tetraethylammonium) oxalate dihydrate

Cited by 1 publication

References 19 publications

Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

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Bis(tetraethylammonium) oxalate dihydrate

Cited by 1 publication

References 19 publications

Direct Observation of C2O4•– and CO2•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

Direct Observation of C2O4•– and CO2•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

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Product

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Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

Direct Observation of C₂O₄^•– and CO₂^•– by Oxidation of Oxalate within Nanogap of Scanning Electrochemical Microscope