“…Treatment with CDNs stimulates innate immune cells to control Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus infection in vivo (Karaolis et al, 2007a, 2007b). Additionally, immunizing with model antigens in conjunction with CDNs results in distinct immune responses depending on the route of delivery, with subcutaneous administration leading to a Th1/Th2 response and mucosal administration leading to a Th17 response (Ebensen et al, 2011). CDNs have also been shown to elicit protective antibody-based immunity when used as a vaccine adjuvant against the extracellular bacterial pathogens S. aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae (Ebensen et al, 2007a, 2007b; Ogunniyi et al, 2008; Hu et al, 2009; Yan et al, 2009; Libanova et al, 2010; Madhun et al, 2011; Dubensky et.…”