Bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate radiografted into track-etched PVDF for uranium (VI) determination by means of cathodic stripping voltammetry

Abstract

We report the radiation grafting of bis [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (B2MP) through electron-beam onto PVDF films and through swift heavy ions (SHI) irradiations into the pores of track-etched PVDF membranes. Radiolytically produced radicals were studied using EPR. To adapt the radiation grafting protocol inside the nanopores of track-etched membranes, the electron-beam irradiated films at varying monomer concentrations, doses and solvent mixtures were first studied. It was found that track-etched membranes, even after 1 hour of chemical treatment, do not require a post-etching irradiation to initiate free-radical polymerization of B2MP from remaining radiationinduced radicals. The presence of functional groups inside the nanopores of the membrane were examined using FTIR and XPS. After exposure of B2MPg-PVDF membranes to a uranyl solution, XPS was also exploited to evidence of O 2 UO 2+ 2 trapping inside the membrane nanoporosity by tracking the presence of U 4f peak. The B2MP-g-PVDF membranes were converted into electrodes by depositing 35 nm of gold on each side through a mask. Detection of ppb concentrations (from 20 to 100 ppb) of uranyl by B2MP-g-PVDF membrane electrodes was demonstrated by means of square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry (SW-CSV). The limit of detection (LOD) was estimated to be 17 ppb (3 σ / slope).

An uranyl sorption study inside functionalised nanopores

“…functionalised membrane fabrication and characterization. The functionalised track-etched PB2MP-g-PVDF membranes were fabricated as described in 4 and displayed in Fig. 1.…”

Sensors Based on Track-Etched Membranes for Electrochemical Detection of Cadmium Ions

“…Для обна-ружения ионов свинца и других тяжелых металлов в качестве рабочих электродов могут использоваться различные виды платформ, например, оксид графена, стеклоуглеродный электрод, углеродная паста диоксид титана/диоксид циркония, углеродные нанотрубки, полимеры и мембраны [7], тонкие углеродные пленки, наночастицы металлов. Кроме того, растет интерес к использованию трековых мембран (ТМ) в качестве двухэлектродного сенсора для обнаружения Pb (II), Hg (II), U (VI) [8][9][10].…”

“…Авторы [9] использовали прививку поли(4-винилпиридина) в нанопоры ПВДФ для улучшения обнаружения ионов ртути. ПВДФ ТМ также использовались для обнаружения урана (VI) в с использованием инверсионной вольтамперометрии после прививочной полимеризацией бис[2-(метакрилоилокси) этил]фосфата [8]. Кроме того, было найдено, что электроды, модифицированные композитом показа-ли значительный синергетический эффект в улучшении чувствительности, селективности и стабильности сенсоров [13].…”

Functionalization of PET Track-Etched Membranes by UV-Induced Graft (co)Polymerization for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions in Water

“…For such purpose, materials based on carbon nanotubes [9], carbon thin film [10], graphene and graphene oxide [11], metal nanoparticles [11,12,13,14], and polymers and membranes [15,16,17] are used as WE. Moreover, the number of publications has been growing on the use of track-etched membranes (TeMs) based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a dual-electrode [18,19,20,21,22,23]. TeMs are thin (5–24 µm), light, and flexible polymeric films with pores with narrow pore-size distribution.…”

“…Poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VPy) grafted into PVDF was found to be effective in detection of mercury [19,26] with concentrations ng/L after 24 h of absorption and µg/L after 2 h of absorption. Penaeva et al [18] reported the electron-beam-induced graft polymerization of bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate onto PVDF membrane for the detection of uranium (VI) in ppb concentrations from 20 to 100 ppb using square wave cathodic stripping voltammetry.…”