Birthweight in women with potential gestational diabetes mellitus ‐ an effect of obesity rather than glucose intolerance?

Abstract

Even minor hyperglycemia is associated with increasing birthweight. Birthweight is reduced in GDM when dietary treatment is instituted and effect on weight gain is achieved.

Gestational diabetes diagnosed in third trimester pregnancy and pregnancy outcome

“…Diet treatment in the GDM Group would restrain excessive fetal growth (24), and diet treatment initiated before 34 completed weeks could normalize the incidence of macrosomic and LGA infants (25). In fact, our findings resembled those of Lauszus et al (26), in which the birthweight was highest in the Borderline Group but not the GDM or Control Groups. Maternal obesity is also an important determinant of birthweight percentile ranking in diabetic pregnancies (13, 27), and the weight and BMI in the GDM Group were well within the normal range.…”

“…The results of this study indicate that despite the majority of cases of GDM diagnosed in the third trimester in our population who belonged to the category of IGT, the development of GDM is still associated with increased risk of pre‐eclampsia and decreased length of gestation. The similar perinatal outcome compared with non‐diabetic pregnancies may be related to diet treatment, which has been shown to improve the fetal outcome (24–26). Therefore GDM diagnosed in the third trimester has pathological implications and is not merely a biochemical phenomenon related to the physiological changes in carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy.…”

Dietary Glycemic Index during Pregnancy Is Associated with Biomarkers of the Metabolic Syndrome in Offspring at Age 20 Years

“…Moreover, screening for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was done with fasting glucose measurements in woman who were obese, had a family history of diabetes mellitus, GDM in a previous pregnancy, a previous delivery of an infant above 4500 g, previous stillbirth, age above 38 years, or glucosuria in the current pregnancy. When two independent fasting capillary plasma glucose values were above 4.6 mmol/L the woman was referred to an OGTT [16].…”

Maternal soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor type 2 (sTNFR2) and adiponectin are both related to blood pressure during gestation and infant's birthweight

“…Because maternal insulin sensitivity is a major determinant of infant's birthweight, accounting for 28% of its variance (Jovanovic‐Peterson et al ., 1991; Breschi et al ., 1993; Catalano et al ., 1995, 1998, 2003; Lauszus et al ., 1999), we wished to study the associations between both maternal and cord‐blood sTNFR1, sTNFR2 and adiponectin with infant's birthweight in uncomplicated pregnancy.…”