Birth Weight and Natural Selection

Rajanikumari, J.; Rao, T. V.

doi:10.1159/000153456

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, it was less related to weight (odds ratio 2.0) and weight for length (odds ratio 1.3). Studies from India, Brazil and other countries have also established a strong relationship between perinatal mortality and length of gestation, but not really with birth weight (24,26,(28)(29). Concerning birth length we have not been able to find any other study for comparisons.…”

Section: Size At Birthmentioning

confidence: 75%

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: IX. Perinatal events

Jalil¹,

Lindblad

et al. 1993

Acta Paediatrica

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In Pakistan there are a number of acute problems related to maternal and infant health in the perinatal period. There is also lack of reliable data needed for the formulation of action strategies. To provide a database 1490 women have been followed from the 5th month of pregnancy in four different areas at various levels of urbanization and socio-economic development. After adjusting for gestational age, the proportion of newborns with weight for length < -2SDS in relation to the Swedish National Standard was 12-31% for boys and 12-25% for girls, the figure being highest in the most deprived area. Preterm birth was infrequent compared with IUGR. The overall prevalence rate of birth defects was 21% out of which 8% were severe defects. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 56/1000 births, with rates of 60, 75, 36 and 33/1000 births for the village, periurban slum, urban slum and the upper middle class. Two thirds of the deaths were related to either a continuation of intrauterine disturbances or severe congenital defects incompatible with life. One third of the deaths were due to infection; mostly diarrhoea, clinical sepsis and ARI. Neonatal mortality was significantly related to birth length (< -2SDS, odds ratio 5.5) and length of gestation (< 37 weeks, odds ratio 5.6) and was to a lesser extent related to weight (< -2SDS, odds ratio 2.0) and weight for length (< -2SDS, odds ratio 1.3). Forty percent of the mothers had weight for height below -2SDS, 23-35% had height < -2SDS. Forty percent of mothers from a subset within the cohort had a hemoglobin < 10 gm/dl and 20% showed signs of pre-eclampsia. This presentation raises the issue of expanding the current Child Survival Programs into the perinatal period as well.

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Section: Size At Birthmentioning

confidence: 75%

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: IX. Perinatal events

Jalil¹,

Lindblad

et al. 1993

Acta Paediatrica

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“…In previous studies it has been show that an infant's chance of surviving the perinatal period is closely related to its weight at birth (Terrenato, Gravina and Ulizzi 1981a;Wilcox and Russell, 1983;Rajanikumari and Rao, 1984). The curve of weight vs. mortality in all investigated human populations exhibits distinctive common features i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Relationship between physical traits and rate of some common illnesses in newborn infants

Kobyliansky

Livshits

1988

Annals of Human Biology

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The morbidity rates of newborn infants suffering from jaundice or urinary tract infections (UTI) as well as total morbidity were determined in morphologically different groups of 1088 newborn infants. On the basis of body weight, body length, head circumference and Quetelet's index; the surveyed neonates divided into a modal (MI = mean +/- 0.67 SD) and two extreme groups: small (SI less than MI) and large (LI greater than MI), for each variable. The results show that, in general, infants with high morbidity, including those suffering from jaundice and UTI, have lower values of all the mentioned morphological traits than do healthy infants. Discriminant analyses of sick and healthy infants (three pairs of comparisons) indicate that decreased weight at birth is typical for all studied categories of morbidity. An additional finding was that infants suffering from UTI or other types of morbidity (total morbidity) originate from small-sized families in which the parents are generally older and the mother tends to be short and overweight.

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“…1955: ,Jayant, 1966: \'an Valen & Mellin, 1967Sansing & Chinnici, 1976;Chinnici & Sansing, 1977;I'romboon rt c d . 1983;Kalabushkin et al 1987;Rajanikumari & Rao, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural selection associated with birth weight. VI. Towards the end of the stabilizing component

Ulizzi

Terrenato

1992

Annals of Human Genetics

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The secular trend for stabilizing selection on birth weight has been analysed in Italy from 1954 to 1985 in order to study changes in the forces of natural selection which have occurred as a consequence of progress in health care. In previous papers we demonstrated a very rapid relaxation of stabilizing selection on birth weight. In this paper we show that in the last few years this kind of selection has been coming to an end for the vast majority of Italian newborns.

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Birth Weight and Natural Selection

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: IX. Perinatal events

Early child health in Lahore, Pakistan: IX. Perinatal events

Relationship between physical traits and rate of some common illnesses in newborn infants

Natural selection associated with birth weight. VI. Towards the end of the stabilizing component

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