Birth weight and cardiac function assessed by echocardiography in adolescence: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

Timpka, Simon; Hughes, Alun D.; Chaturvedi, Nishi; Franks, Paul W.; Lawlor, Debbie A.; Rich‐Edwards, Janet W.; Fraser, Abigail

doi:10.1002/uog.20128

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…In our study, lower birth weight tended to associate with larger E/e'. Similar results have been reported in children with fetal growth restriction and in those born small for gestational age (42,43). Premature birth has previously been related to adverse cardiac adaptations in adulthood (8), however, in our study gestational age was not associated with adult cardiac structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Early Growth Patterns and Cardiac Structure and Function at Midlife: Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

Korpela

Kaikkonen

Auvinen

et al. 2020

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objectives: To evaluate the influence of early growth patterns, that have previously been associated with later cardiometabolic risk, on cardiac left ventricular (LV) structure and function in midlife. Study design: A subpopulation of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 took part in follow-up, including echocardiography (n=1155) at the age of 46 years. Body mass index (BMI) growth curves were modeled based on frequent anthropometric measurements in childhood. Age and BMI at adiposity peak (AP, n=482, mean age 9.0 months) and at adiposity rebound (AR, n=586, mean age 5.8 years) were determined. Results are reported as unstandardized beta (β) or odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs for 1 SD increase in early growth variable. Results: Earlier adiposity rebound was associated with increased LV mass index (β=-4.10 g/m 2 [-6.9, -1.3]; P= .004) and LV end-diastolic volume index (β= -2.36 mL/m 2 [-3.9, -0.84]; P= .002) as well as with eccentric LV hypertrophy (OR=0.54 [0.38, 0.77]; P= .001) in adulthood in males. BMI at adiposity rebound was directly associated with LV mass index (β = 2.33 g/m 2 [0.80, 3.9]; P= .003). Higher BMI at both adiposity peak and at adiposity rebound were associated with greater LV enddiastolic volume index (β =1.47 mL/m 2 ; [0.51, 2.4], β =1.28 ml/m 2 [0.41, 2.2], respectively) and also with eccentric LV hypertrophy (OR=1.41 [1.10, 1.82], OR=1. 53 [1.23, 1.91], respectively) and LV concentric remodeling (OR=1.38 [1.02, 1.87], OR=1.40 [1.06, 1.83], respectively) in adulthood (P< .05 for all). These relationships were only partly mediated by adult BMI. Conclusions: Early growth patterns in infancy and childhood contribute to cardiac structure at midlife.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Early Growth Patterns and Cardiac Structure and Function at Midlife: Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

Korpela

Kaikkonen

Auvinen

et al. 2020

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…In a Finnish study with moderate risk of bias, men with higher birth weight had a higher risk of poor cardiac autonomic function while the same association was not seen in women ( 144 ). Finally, higher BW z-scores were associated with small differences in diastolic function in adolescence in a study with moderate risk of bias ( 145 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes—Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

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Background: Studies have shown that the prevalence of children born with high birth weight or large for gestational age (LGA) is increasing. This is true for spontaneous pregnancies; however, children born after frozen embryo transfer (FET) as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) also have an elevated risk. In recent years, the practice of FET has increased rapidly and while the perinatal and obstetric risks are well-studied, less is known about the long-term health consequences.Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to describe the association between high birth weight and LGA on long-term child outcomes.Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to January 2021. Exposure included high birth weight and LGA. Long-term outcome variables included malignancies, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.Study Selection: Original studies published in English or Scandinavian languages were included. Studies with a control group were included while studies published as abstracts and case reports were excluded.Data Extraction: The methodological quality, in terms of risk of bias, was assessed by pairs of reviewers. Robins-I (www.methods.cochrane.org) was used for risk of bias assessment in original articles. For systematic reviews, AMSTAR (www.amstar.ca) was used. For certainty of evidence, we used the GRADE system. The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. When possible, meta-analyses were performed.Results: The search included 11,767 articles out of which 173 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, while 63 were included in quantitative synthesis (meta-analyses). High birth weight and/or LGA was associated with low to moderately elevated risks for certain malignancies in childhood, breast cancer, several psychiatric disorders, hypertension in childhood, and type 1 and 2 diabetes.Conclusions: Although the increased risks for adverse outcome in offspring associated with high birth weight and LGA represent serious health effects in childhood and in adulthood, the size of these effects seems moderate. The identified risk association should, however, be taken into account in decisions concerning fresh and frozen ART cycles and is of general importance in view of the increasing prevalence in high birthweight babies.

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“…A total of 5,217 of the participants attended an ALSPAC study clinic at a mean age of 17.7 years, of whom a random subsample of 2,047 (all singletons) had their LVMI (left ventricular mass in grams, indexed to height in meters 2.7 (g/m 2.7 )) measured via echocardiography ( 21 , 22 ). Exclusion criteria included pregnancy and congenital heart disease; see below for a comparison of the subsample modeled with the larger sample enrolled in ALSPAC and Boyd et al ( 17 ) for a discussion of attrition in ALSPAC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Modeling of Individual Trajectories, Within-Individual Variability, and a Later Outcome: Systolic Blood Pressure Through Childhood and Left Ventricular Mass in Early Adulthood

Parker

Leckie²,

Howe

et al. 2020

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Within-individual variability of repeatedly-measured exposures may predict later outcomes: e.g. blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor above and beyond mean BP. Since two-stage methods, known to introduce bias, are typically used to investigate such associations, we introduce a joint modelling approach, examining associations of mean BP and BPV across childhood to left ventricular mass (indexed to height; LVMI) in early adulthood with data (collected 1990-2011) from the UK’s Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort. Using multilevel models, we allow BPV to vary between individuals (a “random effect”) as well as to depend on covariates (allowing for heteroscedasticity). We further distinguish within-clinic variability (“measurement error”) from visit-to-visit BPV. BPV was predicted to be greater at older ages, at higher bodyweights, and in females, and was positively correlated with mean BP. BPV had a weak positive association with LVMI (10% increase in within-individual BP variance was predicted to increase LVMI by 0.21% (95% credible interval: -0.23%, 0.69%)), but this association became negative (-0.78%, 95% credible interval: -2.54%, 0.22%)) once the effect of mean BP on LVMI was adjusted for. This joint modelling approach offers a flexible method of relating repeatedly-measured exposures to later outcomes.

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Birth weight and cardiac function assessed by echocardiography in adolescence: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Early Growth Patterns and Cardiac Structure and Function at Midlife: Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

Early Growth Patterns and Cardiac Structure and Function at Midlife: Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

The Association Between High Birth Weight and Long-Term Outcomes—Implications for Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joint Modeling of Individual Trajectories, Within-Individual Variability, and a Later Outcome: Systolic Blood Pressure Through Childhood and Left Ventricular Mass in Early Adulthood

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