Birth weight alters the response to postnatal high-fat diet-induced changes in meat quality traits and skeletal muscle proteome of pigs

Abstract

Low birth weight (LBW) exerts persistent effects on the growth and development of offspring. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that LBW alters the response of pigs to high-fat (HF) diet-induced changes in meat quality and skeletal muscle proteome. Normalbirth weight (NBW) and LBW piglets were fed a control diet or a HF diet from weaning to slaughter at 110 kg body weight. Most of the meat quality traits were influenced by LBW. Meat quality analysis revealed that LBW piglets had a greater ability to deposit intramuscular lipids than their heavier littermates when fed a HF diet. Increased shear force, lower pH 45 min and drip loss were observed in the skeletal muscle of LBW piglets compared with NBW piglets. Proteomic analysis revealed forty-six differentially expressed proteins in the skeletal muscle of LBW and NBW piglets fed the control diet or HF diet. These proteins play a central role in cell structure and motility, glucose and energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and cellular apoptosis, as well as stress response. Of particular interest is the finding that LBW altered the response to HF diet-induced changes in the expression of proteins related to stress response (heat shock protein) and glucose and energy metabolism (pyruvate kinase, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and triosephosphate isomerase). Taken together, our findings revealed that the HF diet-induced changes in the expression of glucose and energy metabolism-related proteins varied between NBW and LBW piglets, which provides a possible mechanism to explain higher intramuscular fat store in LBW pigs when fed a HF diet.

Nutrient-intake-level-dependent regulation of intestinal development in newborn intrauterine growth-restricted piglets via glucagon-like peptide-2

“…In our previous research, IUGR did not predispose piglets to necrotizing enterocolitis, nor did we detect any compromised postnatal intestinal adaptation in IUGR pigs fed a high-fat diet (Liu et al, 2014b). This inconsistency might be related to the digestibility of nutrients for the premature pig.…”

“…If a piglet refused to suckle the milk replacer, a syringe was used to gavage the remaining formula. In our previous experience, the ad libitum nutrient intake level, if calculated on a relative BW basis, was higher in IUGR pigs compared with NBW pigs (Liu et al, 2014b), indicating that the IUGR pigs developed the adaptive response of consuming higher amounts of nutrients to compensate for their inadequate intrauterine growth. This motivated us to examine whether IUGR piglets that consumed similar amounts of nutrients as NBW piglets would demonstrate improved intestinal development.…”

“…Detailed procedures were followed as previously described (Liu et al, 2014b). Primers used for target genes are p53 (Genebank no.…”

Effects of feeding frequency on meat quality traits and Longissimus muscle proteome in finishing pigs

“…Proteomic technologies allow the analysis of thousands of proteins in tissues of pigs (Bendixen, ; He et al., ; Ruan et al., ; Liu et al., ; Xiong et al., ). To gain insight into the process of energy utilization and lipid metabolism in the muscle, proteome response and activities of enzymes related to lipogenesis and energy catabolism were compared between M2 and FA pigs.…”

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of longissimus muscle from growing pigs with dietary supplementation of non-starch polysaccharide enzymes

“…The loin-eye area was measured by the method described by Turyk et al (2014). The meat quality of the LM was analyzed as previously described (Liu et al, 2014), including the pH values (after 45 min and 24 h), drip loss, and shear force. The chemical composition of the LM, including its intramuscular fat, moisture, protein, and ash content, was measured as described by Huang et al (2014).…”