Birth Weight, Adult Weight, and Girth as Predictors of the Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women: The Rancho Bernardo Study

Yarbrough, Donald E.; Barrett‐Connor, Elizabeth; Kritz‐Silverstein, Donna; Wingard, Deborah L.

doi:10.2337/diacare.21.10.1652

Cited by 131 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In many population studies, reduced fetal growth has been reported to be a risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [2,4,9,[15][16][17]. In particular, subjects who were small or thin at birth but subsequently developed obesity in childhood or in adulthood have the highest risk of developing insulin resistance [9,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity and secretion from birth to age three years in small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age children

et al. 2005

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Aims/hypothesis: Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes risk in human subjects who were small-for-gestationalage (SGA) at birth may be a consequence of rapid early postnatal weight gain. Materials and methods: We prospectively studied early changes in fasting insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion, assessed by a short intravenous glucose tolerance test that was conducted several times from birth to 3 years of age in 55 SGA (birthweight below fifth percentile) newborns and in 13 newborns with a birthweight appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Results: Most SGA infants showed postnatal upward weight centile crossing and by 3 years were similar in size to AGA infants. SGA infants had lower pre-feed insulin levels at postnatal age 48 h than AGA infants (median 34.4 vs 59.7 pmol/l, p<0.05), but by the age of 3 years they had higher fasting insulin levels (median 38.9 vs 23.8 pmol/l, p<0.005), which were related to rate of weight gain between 0 and 3 years (r=0.47, p=0.0003). First-phase insulin secretion did not differ between SGA and AGA infants, but SGA infants had a lower glucose disposition index (beta cell compensation) (median 235 vs 501 min mmol, p=0.02), which persisted after allowing for postnatal weight gain (p=0.009). Conclusions/interpretation: SGA infants showed a marked transition from lower pre-feed insulin and increased insulin sensitivity at birth to insulin resistance over the first 3 years of life. This transition was related to rapid postnatal weight gain, which could indicate a propensity to central fat deposition. The additional observation of reduced compensatory beta cell secretion underlines the need for long-term surveillance of glucose homeostasis in all SGA subjects, whether or not they show postnatal catch-up growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity and secretion from birth to age three years in small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age children

et al. 2005

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“…Low birth weight is considered to indicate undernutrition of the fetus in the uterus. Many epidemiological studies supported the hypothesis that those born with low birth weight were at an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other disorders during adulthood (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension among Chinese adults

et al. 2006

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Objective: To investigate the association between birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension among Chinese adults. Research methods and procedures: Nine hundred and seventy-three individuals from a population-based cross-sectional survey for the prevalence of type 2 diabetes conducted in Shanghai in 2002 were enrolled and followed up to 2004 with yearly examination. Birth weight was classified into four categories: !2500, 2500-2999, 3000-3499 and R3500 g. Results: In this study, there were 373 males and 600 females, with a mean age of 46.2G9.9 years. Fasting plasma glucose was higher in subjects with the lowest birth weight (!2500 g) compared with those with the highest birth weight. Waist circumference and systolic blood pressure showed U-shaped relationships with birth weight. Birth weight was found to be an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension. For type 2 diabetes, the crude odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 3.17 (1.48-6.78) in the lowest birth weight category when compared with that in the highest birth weight category (R3500 g) and the ratio increased to 3.97 (1.71-9.22) after adjustment for related variables. The highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes (34.5%) was observed among those with the lowest birth weight and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: Birth weight is inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. Subjects with the lowest or the highest birth weight were associated with a high risk of developing abdominal obesity and hypertension. Low birth weight coupled with abdominal obesity is a strong predictor of type 2 diabetes.European Journal of Endocrinology 155 601-607

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“…Birth weight was positively associated with HDL cholesterol in postmenopausal women from the Rancho Bernardo Study, 7 but was unrelated to HDL cholesterol in men studied by Byberg et al 8 Birth weight was inversely associated with TG in boys and girls : number of days prior to the next menses HDL cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol BMI: body mass index 0.38, p = 0.003) after controlling for age and group status. However, blood was drawn again on the day 11 of the menstrual cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Association between Birth Weight and Serum Lipid Concentration in Premenopausal Japanese Women

Kanai¹,

Nagata²,

Shimizu³

2004

Journal of Epidemiology

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BACKGROUND: The relationships between birth weight and serum lipid concentrations in premenopausal Japanese women were not well identified and also diet and serum hormone status in these women would be considered. METHODS: A total of 59 premenopausal Japanese women completed a self-administered questionnaire including basic demographic information, disease histories, and menstrual and reproductive histories. They were asked to obtain information on birth weight recorded in mother-and-baby notebook issued by municipality from their mother. Diet was assessed by daily diet records from day 2 through day 10 of the menstrual cycle. Blood sample was collected on day 11 of the cycle to measure serum lipid and hormone concentrations (total and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterols, triglyceride, estrone, estradiol, and sex hormone-binding globulin). RESULTS: Birth weight was significantly correlated with HDL cholesterol (r=0.32, p=0.03), but no with total cholesterol and triglyceride after controlling for age. Neither estrogen nor sex hormone-binding globulin was significantly correlated with serum lipid concentrations after controlling for age and the number of days prior to the next menses. The correlation between birth weight and HDL cholesterol was not affected after additional adjustment for serum estrogen and intakes of protein, calcium, and iron. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that intrauterine growth may be associated with lipid profile.

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Birth Weight, Adult Weight, and Girth as Predictors of the Metabolic Syndrome in Postmenopausal Women: The Rancho Bernardo Study

Abstract: Low birth weight coupled with adult obesity is a strong determinant of the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Cited by 131 publications

References 33 publications

Longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity and secretion from birth to age three years in small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age children

Longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity and secretion from birth to age three years in small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age children

Birth weight and risk of type 2 diabetes, abdominal obesity and hypertension among Chinese adults

Association between Birth Weight and Serum Lipid Concentration in Premenopausal Japanese Women

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