Birth prevalence of encephalocele in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oumer, Mohammed; Kassahun, Alemnew Demissie

doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2021-001117

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…On the other hand the burden of anencephaly and encephalocele were lower than that of a previous study carried out in Africa, with a value of 14 per 10,000 and 2 per 10,000, respectively [82,83]. This variation in the burden of the subtypes of NTD may be due to the differences in defect identification and detection methods over time, as well as differences in location, income level, and institutional folic acid fortification policy [74,80,84].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Their Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wakoya,

Afework

2023

International Journal of Pediatrics

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Background. Neural tube defects are a type of congenital anomaly caused by an abnormality in the development of the brain and spinal cord during embryogenesis. They cause high rates of mortality, morbidity, and lifelong disability. There are several studies carried out worldwide reporting different findings on the burden and associated factors. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the burden of neural tube defects and their associated factors in Africa. Methods. A total of 58 eligible articles were identified systematically using databases such as PubMed, Embase, African Journal Online Library, ProQuest, Cochrane, Google Scopus, Google Scholar, and Grey literature. Extracted data were analyzed using STATA 16.0 statistical software. The heterogeneity of studies was determined using the Cochrane Q test statistic and I 2 test statistics with forest plots. A random effects model was used to examine the pooled burden of neural tube defects, subgroups of the region, subtypes of NTDs, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias. The association between NTDs and associated factors was studied using a fixed-effect model. Results. Fifty-eight studies with a total of 7,150,654 participants in 16 African countries revealed that the pooled burden of neural tube defects was 32.95 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 29.77-36.13). The Eastern African region had the highest burden in the subgroup analysis, with 111.13 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 91.85–130.42). South African countries had the lowest burden, at 11.43 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 7.51–15.34). In subtype analysis, spina bifida had the highest pooled burden at 17.01 per 10,000 births (95 percent CI: 15.00-19.00), while encephalocele had the lowest at 1.66 per 10,000 births (95% CI: 1.12-2.20). Maternal folic acid supplementation (AOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16-0.94), alcohol consumption (AOR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.08-5.96), maternal age (AOR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.67-7.47), pesticide exposure (AOR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.62-4.46), X-ray radiation (AOR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.05-6.78), and history of stillbirth (AOR: 3.18; 95% CI: 1.11-9.12) were significantly associated with NTDs. Conclusion. The pooled burden of NTDs in Africa was found to be high. Maternal age, alcohol consumption, pesticide and X-ray radiation exposure, history of stillbirth, and folic acid supplementation were significantly associated with NTDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Their Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wakoya,

Afework

2023

International Journal of Pediatrics

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Advancing neurorehabilitation intervention to enhance neurodevelopmental outcomes in pediatric patients following encephalocele resection

Kankam,

Osifala,

Jalloh

2024

Childs Nerv Syst

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Anaesthetic managements of 16 days’ neonate with large occipital meningeoencephalocele in a resource-limited setting, Ethiopia: a clinical case report and review of literature

Ibrahim,

Ayen,

Belayneh

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction: Meningoencephalocele is a rare congenital neural tube defect that results in herniation of brain tissue, necessitating surgical treatment. However, anesthetic management of meningoencephalocele is challenging because of the giant occipital mass in airway management, particularly for anesthetists working in resource-limited settings. Therefore, this case report aimed to share the challenges encountered during the perioperative anesthesia management of a giant occipital meningoencephalocele in Ethiopia. Case presentation: A 16-day-old female neonate was referred from a health center in Ethiopia for surgical excision and repair of a giant occipital meningoencephalocele (GOM). The main challenges were hemodynamic instability and airway management due to the giant mass on neck movement and inability to achieve the optimal position for intubation. Methods: A single clinical case report discussed challenges encountered during perioperative anesthesia management of GOM in a resource-limited setting in Ethiopia, and this work has been reported in line with the SCARE 2023 criteria. Conclusion: Anesthesia management in neonates with GOM is challenging for anesthetists in resource-limited settings because of the scarcity of different airway equipment and large masses. Another concern was to avoid pressure on the GOM due to rupture, which may result in hemodynamic instability and hypothermia. Therefore, attention should be paid to proper handling of the airway, hypothermia, and fluid loss. Generally, managing an occipital meningoencephalocele poses challenges for anesthetists, particularly in terms of securing the airway. Despite these challenges, we managed with locally available resources.

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Birth prevalence of encephalocele in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Their Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Burden of Neural Tube Defects and Their Associated Factors in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Advancing neurorehabilitation intervention to enhance neurodevelopmental outcomes in pediatric patients following encephalocele resection

Anaesthetic managements of 16 days’ neonate with large occipital meningeoencephalocele in a resource-limited setting, Ethiopia: a clinical case report and review of literature

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