Birth Intervals and Health in Adulthood: A Comparison of Siblings Using Swedish Register Data

Barclay, Kieron J.; Kolk, Martin

doi:10.1007/s13524-018-0673-8

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…A related body of research focusing on adult health and mortality (Barclay and Kolk 2018) and the educational and socio-economic consequences of short birth intervals for outcomes later in life Steelman 1990, 1993; Buckles and Munnich 2012; Barclay and Kolk 2017) has examined birth intervals with varying results. Typically, adverse effects, such as lower grades or lower educational attainment, are found in studies not adequately controlling for family background Steelman 1990, 1993), but these negative effects disappear in studies applying sibling comparisons (Barclay andKolk 2017, 2018).…”

Section: Previous Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) physiological mechanisms; (2) social and environmental mechanisms; and (3) selection and confounding (Conde-Agudelo et al 2012; Barclay and Kolk 2018). First, physiological mechanisms that may be particularly important in the Swedish context include maternal nutrient depletion, folate depletion, and physiological regression.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Linking Interval Length To Poor Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpregnancy intervals and perinatal and child health in Sweden: A comparison within families and across social groups

et al. 2020

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Institute for Futures Studies A large body of research has shown that children born after especially short or long birth intervals experience an elevated risk of poor perinatal outcomes, but recent work suggests this may be explained by confounding by unobserved family characteristics. We use Swedish population data on cohorts born 1981-2010 and sibling fixed effects to examine whether the length of the birth interval preceding the index child influences the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and hospitalization during childhood. We also present analyses stratified by salient social characteristics, such as maternal educational level and maternal country of birth. We find few effects of birth intervals on our outcomes, except for very short intervals (less than seven months) and very long intervals (>60 months). We find few differences in the patterns by maternal educational level or maternal country of origin after stratifying by the mother's highest educational attainment.

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Section: Previous Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Mechanisms Linking Interval Length To Poor Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpregnancy intervals and perinatal and child health in Sweden: A comparison within families and across social groups

et al. 2020

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“…However, the disadvantage of older siblings is reversed as they grow older since later-born children in large families are reported to be at an increased risk of hospitalization for injuries and avoidable conditions, which is possibly related to less parental attention [1,3]. Moreover, risk of earlier death for later-born siblings is higher throughout adulthood [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth order is associated with caries development in young children: a register-based cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background: Birth order has been shown to affect the health of the child; less is known, however, about how birth order affects caries development in children. Thus, the present study investigated the association between birth order and dental caries development in young children. Methods: This retrospective registry-based cohort study included all children born in 2000-2003 who were residing in Stockholm County, Sweden, at age 3 years (n = 83,147). The study followed the cohort until subjects reached 7 years of age. Children with registry data on dental examinations and sociodemographic characteristics at ages 3and 7 years constituted the final study cohort (n = 65,259). The outcome variable was "caries increment from age 3to 7 years" (Δdeft > 0) and the key exposure, "birth order", was divided into five groups. A forward stepwise logistic binary regression was done for the multivariate analysis with adjustments for sociodemographic factors.Results: At age 3 years, 94% had no fillings or manifest caries lesions. During the study period, 22.5% (n = 14,711) developed dental caries. The final logistic regression analysis found a statistically significant positive association between birth order and caries increment. Further, excess risk increased with higher birth order; with the mother's first-born child as reference, risk for the second-born child was OR 1.17, 95% CI = 1.12-1.23; for the third-born child, OR 1.47, 95% CI = 1.38-1.56; for the fourth-born child, OR 1.69, 95% CI = 1.52-1.88; and for the fifth-born or higher birth-order child, OR 1.84, 95% CI = 1.58-2.14.Conclusions: These findings show that birth order influences caries development in siblings, suggesting that birth order can be regarded as a predictor for caries development in young children. This factor may be helpful in assessing caries risk in preschool children and should be considered in caries prevention work in young children with older siblings.

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“…Three of the included studies were based on populations in Sweden, 31,34,37 two each in America, 35,38 Australia 29,36 and Brazil 32,33 and one in Scotland 30 . The remaining study 40 used data from five underlying datasets from Australia, Canada and America; one of which was the Collaborative Perinatal Project which was also used by one of the other studies 35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quality assessment was also undertaken by two reviewers (EJT and SW). Key strengths and weaknesses of each of the cohort studies 29–38 were formed using the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute assessment tool for observational cohort and cross‐sectional studies 39 . The remaining study is an individual patient data meta‐analysis, 40 and in this instance, we used the PRISMA‐IPD checklist 41 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in modifiable maternal characteristics and behaviours between consecutive pregnancies and offspring adiposity: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Causal evidence links modifiable maternal exposures during the periconceptional period with offspring obesity. The interconception period may be an important time to intervene. We systematically identified studies examining change in modifiable maternal exposures between pregnancies and offspring adiposity. We searched for longitudinal studies published between 1990 and 2019, which included measurements taken on at least two occasions in the period from 1 year prior to the conception of the first birth to the time of the second birth, and which included a measure of adiposity in second, or higher order, siblings. Age, ethnicity and genetics were not considered modifiable; all other factors including length of the interpregnancy interval were. Eleven studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Higher interpregnancy weight gain or loss, maternal smoking inception, mothers smoking in their first pregnancy and quitting, increasing the number of cigarettes smoked and longer interpregnancy intervals were positively associated with adiposity in second or higher order children. Vaginal birth after caesarean delivery was protective. Further research is needed to ascertain whether the risk of adiposity is fixed based on first pregnancy exposures or if interpregnancy change alters the risk for a subsequent child. This can inform the type and effectiveness of interventions for mothers prior to a subsequent pregnancy.

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Birth Intervals and Health in Adulthood: A Comparison of Siblings Using Swedish Register Data

Cited by 23 publications

References 96 publications

Interpregnancy intervals and perinatal and child health in Sweden: A comparison within families and across social groups

Interpregnancy intervals and perinatal and child health in Sweden: A comparison within families and across social groups

Birth order is associated with caries development in young children: a register-based cohort study

Change in modifiable maternal characteristics and behaviours between consecutive pregnancies and offspring adiposity: A systematic review

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