Birth defects among children born to a population occupationally exposed to pesticides in Colombia.

Hormone-dependent cancer and adverse reproductive outcomes in farmers' families - effects of climatic conditions favoring fungal growth in grain

“…Accordingly, pesticide-use adjustment strengthened the exposure associations for the cancers, in particular breast adenocarcinoma, and weakened the exposure associations for cryptorchidism. One speculative interpretation would be that pesticides counteract the exposure effects on cancer and are truly related to male genital birth defects in accordance with earlier results from our study population (16) and also results from other studies (22,23).…”

Prevalence of adverse reproductive outcomes in a population occupationally exposed to pesticides in Colombia.

“…Table 6 shows the odds ratios for spontaneous abortion according to some of the relevant covariables. The fact that the odds ratio increased with the age of the subject at interview and decreased for the most recent pregnancies suggests that the obser ved increased risk (15). The parents reported 23 children as having had cancer; for 20 of them, additional information was obtained from the medical records .…”

Maternal occupation in agriculture and risk of limb defects in Washington State, 1980-1993

“…A case-referent study of birth defects in Colombia (6) found no increase in risk associated with pesticide exposure. Nurminen et a1 (8) found no association between maternal agricultural employment and skeletal defects in a Finnish case-referent study, although this difference from the findings of the present study may be due to differences in case definition.…”

“…There is also epidemiologic evidence of an association between pesticides and birth defects, including limb defects, among humans (2)(3)(4)(5). However, the evidence for humans is mixed, and several investigators report no association with limb defects (6)(7). There has been very little research into the human reproductive or developmental effects of fertilizers.…”