Birds in New York State Have Altered Their Migration Timing and Are Experiencing Different Thermal Regimes While Breeding or on Stopover from 2010 to 2015

Abstract

Migration represents a significant physiological challenge for birds, and increasing ambient temperatures due to global climate change may add to birds' physiological burden during migration. We analyzed migration timing in a central New York county and two counties in the Adirondack region by using data from the citizen science network, eBird, and correlating it with historical temperature data. Species of birds sighted in Central NY ( = 195) and the Adirondack region ( = 199) were categorized into year-round residents and one-and two-stopover groupings based on eBird observations. Using linear regressions, we looked at various relationships between temperature and variables relating to birds' migration across 2010-2015. Of the total 195 species used within this data in Central NY, 35 species showed some alteration in their migration timing or in the temperature regime they experienced while breeding or on migration stopover. In the Adirondack region, of the total 199 species used within this dataset, 43 species showed some alteration in their migration timing or experienced significantly colder or warmer temperatures while breeding or on migration stopover during 2010-2015. Additionally, many of the bird species affected by temperature changes in the state of New York and those that altered migration timing tended to be long-distance migrants.

Seasonal muscle ultrastructure plasticity and resistance of muscle structural changes during temperature increases in resident black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and rock pigeons (Columba livia)

“…There is ample evidence that the Earth is warming, likely as a result of anthropogenic activity (Thompson, 2010). Environmental stresses brought about by climate change, particularly thermal stress, may play a key role in both setting biogeographic boundaries (Pudalov et al, 2017;Zaifman et al, 2017) and driving evolutionary patterns on broad spatial and temporal scales (Chown et al, 2010). Birds breeding in temperate zones where seasonal temperatures drastically fluctuate respond to these changes by either migrating to regions with more agreeable temperatures or altering their phenotype to deal with changing conditions (Swanson, 2010).…”