Birds as mediators of passive restoration during early post-fire recovery

Cavallero, Laura; Raffaele, Estela; Aizen, Marcelo A.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2012.10.004

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Articles about the persistence of birds in restored landscapes demonstrate alteration in the community over the ecological succession [14,56]. This tendency is reinforced by the accumulation curves obtained in this paper, showing that the process of succession and arrival of new colonizers is in full swing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Early Bird Assemblages under Different Subtropical Forest Restoration Strategies in Brazil: Passive, Nucleation and High Diversity Plantation

Vogel

Campos

Bechara

2015

Tropical Conservation Science

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Ecological restoration encourages management for the complexity and heterogeneity of habitats, which are crucial for avian fauna structure. Two-year-old bird assemblages were evaluated based on diversity parameters of three different ecological restoration technologies applied in southern Brazil: passive restoration (PR), nucleation (NC) and high diversity plantation (HD). Richness, abundance and diversity were compared using ANOVA factorial design (three treatments x four seasons, with six samplings per season). The highest richness was observed for NC (49 ± 2.45 SD species) and the lowest richness occurred in the HD treatment (37 ± 3.14 SD species), with a similar statistical pattern for abundance and diversity (NC>PR>HD). NC responded favorably to the hypotheses of dynamic equilibrium, heterogeneity and habitat complexity, which are the probable mechanisms that influence primarily assemblage richness. Due to the presence of exclusive species for each treatment, we recommend the application of a mix of the different techniques tested to maximize the number of habitats and their interactions with birdlife.Keywords: neotropical forest, ecological restoration, avian fauna. ResumoA restauração ecológica estimula o manejo da complexidade e heterogeneidade de habitats, os quais são decisivos para a estruturação da avifauna. Foram avaliadas assembleia de aves com dois anos de idade segundo parâmetros de diversidade de três diferentes tecnologias de restauração ecológica aplicadas no sul do Brasil: restauração passiva (PR) nucleação (NC), e plantio de alta diversidade (HD). Os parâmetros de riqueza, abundância e diversidade foram comparados por meio de ANOVA em arranjo fatorial (três tratamentos x quatro estações com seis amostragens por estação). A maior riqueza observada foi constatada na NC (49 ± 2,45 espécies) e a menor riqueza ocorreu no tratamento PAD (37 ± 3,14 espécies) com um padrão estatístico semelhante para abundância e diversidade. NC respondeu favoravelmente às hipóteses do equilíbrio dinâmico, heterogeneidade e complexidade de habitats, sendo estes os prováveis mecanismos que influenciaram principalmente na riqueza da assembleia. Devido à presença de espécies exclusivas a cada um dos tratamentos, recomenda-se a aplicação conjunta das técnicas testadas para maximizar o número de habitats e suas interações com a avifauna.Palavras chave: floresta neotropical, restauração ecológica, avifauna.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Early Bird Assemblages under Different Subtropical Forest Restoration Strategies in Brazil: Passive, Nucleation and High Diversity Plantation

Vogel

Campos

Bechara

2015

Tropical Conservation Science

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“…In contrast to the bottomup effects of plants on animals, the PD and functional identity of bird dispersers were unrelated to the PD and functional identity of seedlings. This finding demonstrates that top-down effects of animals on the phylogenetic and functional structure of plant communities are comparatively weak although animal seed dispersers can have important quantitative effects on the establishment of specific plant species (Cavallero et al, 2013;Martínez and Garcıa, 2016) and entire plant communities (Muñoz et al, 2017b). Finally, we found that the PD and functional identity of seedlings was contingent on that of the adult plants.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity of Fleshy-Fruited Plants Are Positively Associated with Seedling Diversity in a Tropical Montane Forest

et al. 2017

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Mutualistic interactions between plants and animals can affect both plant and animal communities, and potentially leave imprints on plant demography. Yet, no study has simultaneously tested how trait variation in plant resources shapes the diversity of animal consumers, and how these interactions influence seedling recruitment. Here, we analyzed whether (i) phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity of fruiting plants were correlated with the corresponding diversity of frugivorous birds, and (ii) whether phylogenetic diversity and functional identity of plant and bird communities influenced the corresponding diversity and identity of seedling communities. We recorded mutualistic interactions between fleshy-fruited plants and frugivorous birds and seedling communities in 10 plots along an elevational gradient in the Colombian Andes. We built a phylogeny for plants/seedlings and birds and measured relevant morphological plant and bird traits that influence plant-bird interactions and seedling recruitment. We found that phylogenetic diversity and functional diversity of frugivorous birds were positively associated with the corresponding diversities of fruiting plants, consistent with a bottom-up effect of plants on birds. Moreover, the phylogenetic diversity of seedlings was related to the phylogenetic diversity of plants, but was unrelated to the phylogenetic diversity of frugivorous birds, suggesting that top-down effects of animals on seedlings were weak. Mean seed mass of seedling communities was positively associated with the mean fruit mass of plants, but was not associated with the mean avian body mass in the frugivore communities. Our study shows that variation in the traits of fleshyfruited plants was associated with the diversity of frugivorous birds and affected the future trajectory of seedling recruitment, whereas the morphological traits of animal seed dispersers were unrelated to the phylogenetic and functional structure of seedling communities. These findings suggest that bottom-up effects are more important than top-down effects for seed-dispersal interactions and seedling recruitment in diverse tropical communities.

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“…Contudo, algumas características como expressiva quantidade de néctar e pólen, odor desagradável, flores grandes com antese explosiva e néctar de baixa concentração, trazem a possibilidade de morcegos serem os polinizadores naturais de Pseudobombax marginatum, apesar de neste estudo esses visitantes não terem sido observados (Baker et al 1998;Faegri & Pijl 1979). A imediata produção de néctar associado ao forte odor liberado pelas flores de Pseudobombax marginatum, permite a criação de rotas de forrageamento "trap lining", que estão também relacionadas à polinização por morcegos, contudo a produção de várias flores por dia pode diminuir a distância das rotas de forrageamento dos morcegos (Gribel et al 1990) A ausência de visita de quirópteros às flores de P. marginatum na localidade de Caboclo, pode estar relacionada à fragmentação florestal observada no local do estudo, uma vez que morcegos, depois de mamíferos não voadores, são o grupo de polinizadores com maior fragilidade ao processo de modificação da paisagem natural (Renner 1998;Aizen & Feinsinger 2003;Fahrig 2003;Cavallero et al 2013). Quesada et al (2003) demonstraram o efeito da fragmentação florestal sobre árvores isoladas apontando como principal causa da redução do número de visitas dos polinizadores de espécies de Bombacoideae.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Biologia reprodutiva e guilda de visitantes florais de Pseudobombax marginatum (Malvaceae)

2016

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ResumoNo Brasil, ocorrem 120 espécies do gênero Pseudobombax em diferentes formações vegetacionais. Espécies de Bombacoideae apresentam flores com antese noturna, visitadas por morcegos e esfingídeos. Objetivou-se investigar a biologia reprodutiva de P. marginatum, e conhecer relações entre planta e visitantes. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma área de caatinga, no município de Afrânio, Pernambuco. Analisou-se a fenologia, biologia floral, comportamento dos visitantes e sistema reprodutivo. P. marginatum apresenta características de flores quiropterófilas, apesar de não receber visitas de morcegos, parecendo estar relacionado ao processo de fragmentação florestal ocorrente na área de estudo. A espécie floresceu entre maio e julho, recebendo visitas de esfingídeos, abelhas, vespas e aves. A produção de néctar foi elevada com baixa concentração de açúcares. Apenas na polinização cruzada obteve-se sucesso, devido à presença de mecanismos de incompatibilidade. P. marginatum apresenta-se em situação crítica quanto à sua regeneração, devido à carência de serviços de polinização eficientes, provavelmente ocasionados pela perturbação na área e ausência de quirópteros visitantes. Palavras-chave: fragmentação florestal, serviço de polinização, mecanismos de incompatibilidade. AbstractIn Brazil, the genus Pseudobombax is represented by some 120 species occurring in different vegetation types. Bombacoideae species have nocturnal flowers and are bat and hawkmoth visited. The aim of the work was to investigate the reproductive biology of P. marginatum, and to describe the plant-floral visitors relationships. The study was carried out in a Caatinga area in Afrânio municipality, Pernambuco state. Phenology, floral biology, flower-visitor behavior and reproductive system were analyzed. P. marginatum has chiropterophilous flowers, although it is not visited by bats, a fact possibly related to the forest fragmentation process in the study area. The flowering period of the species was from May to July, -floral visitors were hawkmoths, bees, wasps and birds. Nectar production was high with low sugar concentration. Reproductive success was obtained only in cross pollination, due to the incompatibility mechanism. P. marginatum presents a critical situation for regeneration due to the lack of efficient pollination services, caused probably by forest fragmentation in the study area and the lack of chiropterans visitors.

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Birds as mediators of passive restoration during early post-fire recovery

Cited by 61 publications

References 44 publications

Early Bird Assemblages under Different Subtropical Forest Restoration Strategies in Brazil: Passive, Nucleation and High Diversity Plantation

Early Bird Assemblages under Different Subtropical Forest Restoration Strategies in Brazil: Passive, Nucleation and High Diversity Plantation

Phylogenetic and Functional Diversity of Fleshy-Fruited Plants Are Positively Associated with Seedling Diversity in a Tropical Montane Forest

Biologia reprodutiva e guilda de visitantes florais de Pseudobombax marginatum (Malvaceae)

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