Birds are also sensitive to landscape composition and configuration within the city centre

Pellissier, Vincent; Cohen, Marianne; Boulay, Antoine; Clergeau, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.10.011

Cited by 111 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Os efeitos negativos da urbanização sobre a avifauna ocorrem em nível global e têm sido demonstrados principalmente em cidades com mais de um milhão de habitantes (McKinney, 2002;Villegas & GaritanoZavala, 2010;Conole & Kirkpatrick, 2011;Fontana et al, 2011;Pellissier et al, 2012). No entanto, nossos resultados mostraram que estes efeitos são sentidos mesmo em uma cidade considerada média, sendo possível observar a existência de um gradiente de intensidade de urbanização que causa respostas evidentes na avifauna.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Perda de diversidade taxonômica e funcional de aves em área urbana no sul do Brasil

Sacco

Rui

Bergmann

et al. 2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Reduction in taxonomic and functional bird diversity in an urban area in Southern Brazil. Urbanization is a globally process studied and considered one of the most drastic environmental disturb on biodiversity. This study aimed to evaluate how different intensities of urbanization act in the structure of birds in a medium size city inserted in a wetland area. In addition to the traditional metrics richness, abundance and taxonomic composition, it was found as the functional diversity and redundancy of birds are influenced by urban gradient. The urban area studied was the Pelotas city (31°46''S, 52°20'W) situated at the southernmost part of Brazil in a humid region of Pampa biome. A total of 216 fixed observation points along an urbanization gradient were used to sample the avifauna and four independent variables: number of trees, number of buildings with two or more floors, presence of aquatic habitat, and presence of open habitat. Functional traits of species characterized the biomass, diet, forage substrate and nesting substrate. The richness, abundance and functional diversity of avifauna were negatively related to the increase of urban intensity while the redundancy, different from the expected, did not respond to the urban gradient. The traits related to the areas with more intense urbanization (building with two or more floors) were: preference for foraging in the air, omnivory and cavity nesting. Areas with less intense urbanization (more trees and open habitats) were related to the preference for nesting on vegetation and in lower sites, and carnivory. The study showed the importance of the presence of open and aquatic habitats for the avifauna, landscape features typically not cited in urban studies, which highlight the need to adequate the mitigation actions for conservation efforts inside urban habitats according to the regional pool of species.KEYWORDS. Biotic homogenization, Rao's functional diversity, wetlands, Pampa biome. RESUMO.A urbanização é um processo globalmente estudado e considerado um dos distúrbios mais drásticos sobre a biodiversidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como diferentes intensidades de urbanização atuam na estruturação da avifauna em uma cidade de tamanho médio e inserida em região de área úmida. Além das métricas tradicionais de riqueza, abundância e composição taxonômica, verificou-se como a diversidade e redundâncias funcionais das aves são influenciadas pelo gradiente urbano. A área urbana estudada foi a cidade de Pelotas (31°46'S, 52°20'W), extremo sul do Brasil, que está inserida em uma área úmida do bioma Pampa. A amostragem das aves e a medida das variáveis urbanas (número de árvores, número de construções de até dois andares ou de mais de dois andares, presença de ambiente aquático e presença de ambiente aberto) foram realizadas em 216 pontos fixos de observação que foram marcados em diferentes intensidades de urbanização. Os atributos funcionais utilizados para caracterizar as espécies foram os relacionados à massa, dieta, substrato de forrageame...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Perda de diversidade taxonômica e funcional de aves em área urbana no sul do Brasil

Sacco

Rui

Bergmann

et al. 2015

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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“…Tree nesters are considered to be better urban adaptors. The increased planting of trees may provide more suitable nesting habitats for the tree nesting guild, further increasing their abundance (Huhta et al, 1999;Clergeau et al, 2006;Pellissier et al, 2012).…”

Section: Sound Mapping Of Birdsongmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the homogenization effects of urbanisation has altered the composition of biological communities Marzluff, 2001) and increased species similarity (Blair, 2001). In European cities, heterogeneity of avifauna species in towns is low, especially in the centre, indicating simple urban bird communities and the replacement of specialist species by generalist species (Clergeau et al, 2006;Pellissier et al, 2012). Secondly, urban noise has caused a reduction in avian species richness and the adaption of birdsong to higher frequencies (Francis et al, 2009;Pohl et al, 2013;Nemeth et al, 2013).…”

Section: Actual Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Green areas are also an important supplier of birdsong due to their ecological function as habitats for birds and other animals (Hansson, 2000;Daniels and Kirkpatrick, 2006;Pellissier et al, 2012). Birds are one of the best-known biological groups in cities (Pellissier et al, 2012); thus, birdsong is a frequent, distinct and frequency-adaptable natural sound source in the ambient noise of urbanised 1 Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birds are one of the best-known biological groups in cities (Pellissier et al, 2012); thus, birdsong is a frequent, distinct and frequency-adaptable natural sound source in the ambient noise of urbanised 1 Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated effects of urban morphology on birdsong loudness and visibility of green areas

Hao

Kang

Krijnders³

2015

Landscape and Urban Planning

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Abstract:The aim of this study is to determine how to increase birdsong loudness and the visibility of green areas in low-density residential areas by controlling urban morphological parameters. The spatial sound level distributions of birdsong at 12 sites sampled from a GIS database of Assen, the Netherlands, were simulated by noise mapping techniques and calculated using a MATLAB program on spatial sound level matrices. The visibilities of green areas are analysed and calculated by Visibility Analysis Graph in Space Syntax. Correlation analyses were conducted between the obtained data on spatial sound level indices, the mean visibility and urban morphological parameters. The results show that birdsong loudness has significant positive linear relationships with urban morphological parameters, including Building Plan Area Fraction (R 2 =0.491), Green Area Perimeters (R 2

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Avian species richness and tropical urbanization gradients: Effects of woodland retention and human disturbance

Thaweepworadej

Evans

2022

Ecological Applications

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Urbanization is a major driver of tropical biodiversity loss. In temperate regions avian species richness-urbanization intensity relationships typically exhibit unimodal patterns, with peak richness at intermediate urbanization levels. In tropical regions, the form of such relationships and the extent to which they are moderated by patches of seminatural habitat are unclear. We address these questions in Bangkok, Thailand (one of the largest and most rapidly expanding tropical mega-cities) and generate conservation recommendations for tropical biodiversity in urban locations. We use repeated point count surveys at a random location, and the largest available woodland patch, in 150 1 km Â 1 km grid cells selected along the urbanization gradient. Woodland patches support higher species richness compared with randomized locations (except for non-natives), and avian species richness declines linearly with increasing urbanization. The contrast with unimodal patterns in temperate regions is probably driven by divergent patterns of habitat heterogeneity along tropical and temperate urbanization gradients. Moreover, we provide novel evidence that retaining patches of urban woodland moderates adverse impacts of urbanization on avian species richness. For most species groups, the benefits of woodland increase as urbanization intensifies, despite such woodland patches being very small (mean of 0.38 ha). Avian species richness in woodland patches is maximized, and community composition less similar to that in randomized locations, when woodland patches are larger and visited by fewer people. Assemblages of forest-dependent species (which provide additional ecological functions) have higher richness, and are less similar to those in randomized locations, in patches of woodland with higher tree species richness and biomass. Finally, species richness in randomized sites is greatest when they are closer to woodland patches, and such assemblages more closely resemble those of woodland sites. Our work highlights four strategies for tropical urban bird conservation: (1) conserving woodland patches across the urbanization gradient regardless of patch size, (2) improving the quality of existing woodland by increasing tree biomass and diversity, (3) creating additional woodland that is well distributed throughout the urban area to

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Birds are also sensitive to landscape composition and configuration within the city centre

Cited by 111 publications

References 34 publications

Perda de diversidade taxonômica e funcional de aves em área urbana no sul do Brasil

Perda de diversidade taxonômica e funcional de aves em área urbana no sul do Brasil

Integrated effects of urban morphology on birdsong loudness and visibility of green areas

Avian species richness and tropical urbanization gradients: Effects of woodland retention and human disturbance

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