Birds and Sunflower

Linz, George M.; Hanzel, James J.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr35.c7

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Of the three major blackbird species in North Dakota, redwinged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus L) cause the most damage (Linz and Hanzel, 1997;Peer et al, 2003). According to North American Breeding Bird Survey indices, the PPR of North Dakota has some of the highest densities of red-winged blackbirds (RWBL) on the continent (Sauer et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons between blackbird damage to corn and sunflower in North Dakota

et al. 2013

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For sunflower producers in North Dakota, blackbird (Icterinae) damage is a chronic problem costing millions of dollars annually. Sunflower damage surveys were last completed in the state in 1979e1980. Since the last surveys, corn plantings have increased 6-fold to 1500 Â 10 3 ha, whereas sunflower hectarage has declined by >75% to 310 Â 10 3 ha. Blackbirds forage on both crops, and this rapid change in North Dakota's agricultural landscape was a sound inducement for reassessing crop damage. Field surveys are an important step in damage methods development because they are used for measuring efficacy, as well as assessing historical changes in the quality and quantity of damage. During 2009e2010, we conducted damage surveys on corn and sunflower. We surveyed 120 randomly selected 3.2 Â 3.2-km plots in North Dakota's Prairie Pothole Region. This region of numerous wetlands has historically produced the majority of the state's sunflower crop, in addition to harboring a blackbird population of 25 million birds. Over the 2-year study, we measured damage in 68 cornfields and 27 sunflower fields. Annual damage averaged 5.0 Â 10 3 t (12 kg/ha, US $1.3 million) for corn and 7.2 Â 10 3 t (45 kg/ha, US $3.5 million) for sunflower. Percentage damage was significantly greater in sunflower ðx ¼ 2:7%Þ than corn ðx ¼ 0:2%Þ. The lower per-unit cost of producing corn makes it a potential lure crop for managing blackbird damage to sunflower. However, the two crops should be phenologically synchronized because corn matures earlier than sunflower and becomes less attractive to blackbirds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons between blackbird damage to corn and sunflower in North Dakota

et al. 2013

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“…İlter (1982) found that about 50-60% of the bird damage rate was in areas with abundant forests and water, Schäckermann et al (2014) found that the presence of long trees around the land where the sunflower cultivation was made would increase the risk of bird damage in the sunflower, so the products that birds can not feed in such places should be cultivated and the place of the fields should be planned according to the environmental conditions. It has been reported that birds grown in countries such as Australia, China, Europe, India, North America, Pakistan, Russia, South America and Ukraine, where sunflower cultivation has been made in the world, have caused great damage to sunflower fields (Linz et al, 1997). It has also been expressed that damage levels may be over 20 per cent in the places that birds are located intensely (Klosterman et al, 2011), where an average of 5% damage is an economically important threshold and can be compensated by farmers (Linz et al, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates and Effects of Bird Damage on Grain Yield of Oil Sunflower Seedlings

Gul

Öztürk²,

Polat³

2018

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi

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Damage caused by birds to agricultural areas around the world causes significant economic losses for farmers. Because of urbanization for agricultural purposes or afforestation for environmental regulation increases the natural habitat for birds, the rate of agricultural products affected by bird damage is also increasing. Especially birds are causing considerable damage to sunflower seeds. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of 10 different oil sunflower seedlings (Pioneer63F73, Pioneerp64LL05, Pioneer64LC108, PioneerPR64G46, Coral, Golsun, Şems, Aga1301, Duna ve Bosfora) grown under controlled and uncontrolled conditions on grain yield. It is also aimed to determine the effect of this damage on grain yield. At the end of the study; Maximum bird damage was determined as 51.19% in Pioneer 64LC108 variety, while the lowest bird damage was 9.94% and 11.7% in Bosfora and Şems varieties respectively. Bird damage as a mean of all varieties resulted in a reduction by approximately 35.1% in grain yield. It has been determined that Bosfora and Şems varieties, which are early inclined and concave of the table structure, are affected less by bird damage and yield losses are lower.

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“…Bird attacks on sunflowers are traditionally associated with damage on heads. The review by Linz and Hanzel (1997) on the subject mainly considers this type of damage and shows that all continents are affected. The main species involved belong to the families Passeridae, Corvidae, Icteridae, Columbidae, Cacatuidae and Psittacidae (Tab.…”

Section: Qualification and Quantification Of Damage 21 Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2012, surveys conducted in Santa Fe province (Vitti and Zuil, 2012) and la Pampa province (Bernardos and Farrel, 2012), showed that respectively 21 and 35% of the fields of sunflower at maturity suffered more than 5% damage, Table 1. Sunflower depredating species cited by Linz and Hanzel (1997).…”

Section: Psittacidae and Columbidae Damage At Maturity In Argentinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bird damage to sunflower: international situation and prospects

Sausse

Levy

2021

OCL

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Bird damage to sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) degrades the profitability of this crop and calls into question its place in rotations. Our international literature review shows that sunflower is one of the crops most vulnerable to bird attacks. However, these predatory pests are not specialized: if the sunflower is affected in one region, then the other crops sharing the same cycle could also be affected to varying degrees. All production areas are affected by flowerhead damage at maturity. Damage at emergence has recently become more visible in France, Italy and Switzerland, probably as a result of global changes and evolving farming practices. Birds are highly mobile pests with complex behaviour. The problem needs to be tackled in a hierarchical framework that takes into account field, landscape, and regional scales, along with processes at different timescales from rapid field selection to long term demographic trends. Moreover, the distribution of damage is asymmetrical: few fields are affected, but with a high severity. At this time, there is no single effective method for preventing damage, and coordination at the landscape scale should be initiated to find potential solutions. Finally, there is a gap between theoretical and applied knowledge, even though initiatives in North America have helped to move research forward. These difficulties imply an integrated approach combining partially effective methods, the association of several stakeholders, and the coordination of several policies (agricultural, environmental, and recreational hunting or wildlife management). Additionally, data collection appears essential to acquire knowledge about economic damage and efficacy of control programmes. Digital technology can be useful for such purposes. Finally, this review advocates international networking to consolidate a research community on this topic and on the wider issue of bird damage to crops.

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Birds and Sunflower

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Comparisons between blackbird damage to corn and sunflower in North Dakota

Comparisons between blackbird damage to corn and sunflower in North Dakota

Rates and Effects of Bird Damage on Grain Yield of Oil Sunflower Seedlings

Bird damage to sunflower: international situation and prospects

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