Birds and hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), with discussions about hypotheses on tick evolution

Guglielmone, Alberto A.; Nava, Stefano

doi:10.14409/favecv.v16i1.6609

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(153 reference statements)

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“…A total of 136 hard ticks have been found on birds (Aves) so far. Larvae, nymphs and adults of 25 species of the genus Ixodes parasitize on birds, including the vectors of Lyme disease (5). During their longdistance migration, sometimes through thousands of kilometers, birds carry ticks far away from the nesting habitats.…”

Section: Birds As Disseminators Of the Vectors Of Lyme Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Birds in the Transmission of Lyme Disease

Aleksandrova¹

2020

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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During the vast distances in migration, sometimes through thousands of kilometers, the birds carry ticks very far away from their nesting sites. Up to this moment 136 species of hard ticks Ixodidae have been frequently found on birds. Larvae, nymphs and adults of 25 species of the genus Ixodes, parasitize on birds. By transporting of ticks infected with B. burgdorferi s.l., the birds introduce the infection indirectly to new geographical regions. Once imported, the spirochetes may adapt to the local ecological areas and reservoir hosts. Migratory birds which carry Borrelia spp. in their tissues or blood, are able to infect the ticks in the new area. This determines the reservoir competence of the birds and their participation in the ecology and the epidemiology of the Lyme disease. The selective transmission of Borrelia garinii from birds to ticks is detected; as well that migratory birds are able to carry Lyme disease as a latent infection for several months.

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Section: Birds As Disseminators Of the Vectors Of Lyme Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Birds in the Transmission of Lyme Disease

Aleksandrova¹

2020

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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“…Ticks are obligate blood-sucking parasites and harbor a myriad of diseases-causing pathogens that can affect both humans and animals (Service 2012). While ticks are often seen for their medical and public health importance, much remains to be investigated on their other essential roles in veterinary health and host-parasite ecology, especially in birds (Guglielmone & Nava 2017). The vultures of the Accipitridae and Cathartidae families are obligate avian scavengers that feed strictly on carcasses (Ruxton & Houston 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A checklist of the tick of vultures, with the first record of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus linnaei (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Indian vulture, Gyps indicus (Falconiformes: Accipitridae)

Kazim

Low

Houssaini

et al. 2023

saa

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We report the presence of multiple brown dog ticks (Rhicephalus linnaei) from the Indian vulture Gyps indicus. This paper constitutes the first report of this tick species from the vulture, and also the first documentation of ectoparasites from vultures in Malaysia. Additionally, we have conducted a literature review on ticks from vultures worldwide, resulting in 21 tick species consisted of six genera (Argas, Ornithodoros, Amblyomma, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephalus) recorded from eight Old World vultures and two New World vultures. The lists of ticks infesting both vulture groups, along with pathogens detected from some of these ticks, are provided in this paper.

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“…Studies, focused on hosts of Ixodidae (hard ticks), reveal that birds play an important role in their life cycle and distribution (2,3). According to existing knowledge, 136 tick species have been frequently found on birds worldwide (4). Tick prevalence seems to depend mostly on bird`s foraging behaviour (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Records of Ixodid Ticks on Wild Birds in Bulgaria

Aleksandrova

Christova

Dimitrov

et al. 2021

Probl Infect Parasit Dis

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Background: Ixodid ticks are widely studied due to their epidemiological and epizootic importance. It is of great value to know vertebrate host preferences of ticks in order to understand their ecological relationships and distribution. Earlier studies report birds as important hosts of Ixodid tick and a total of 136 ticks species have been frequently found in birds worldwide. However, only few studies related to host preferences of ticks among wild birds in Bulgaria were conducted till now. Aim: To obtain new data on the host preferences of ixodid ticks among wild birds at three locations in Bulgaria. Material and methods: The study was conducted between 2010 – 2020 in three sites in Bulgaria – Biological Experimental Station Kalimok (Silistra region), near Brodilovo village (Burgas region), and the city of Sofia (city park). The birds were caught by mist nets and inspected for ticks. Ticks found were removed by fine tweezers or a special removal tool for ectoparasites. Tick identification was based on external morphological characteristics. Results: A total of 2419 individual birds belonging to 78 species were examined. Of these, 70 individuals (16 species) carried ticks, thus representing 2.9% infestation rate. A total of 262 ticks were collected and identified as: Ixodes ricinus, Hyalomma marginatum, Haemaphysalis punctata, Hae. concinna, Hae. sulcata and two specimens could only be identified to the genus Haemaphysalis. Ixodes ricinus was the most commonly encountered tick (224/262), predominantly nymphs, followed by Hyalomma marginatum (27/262). The highest prevalence of tick infestation was observed among the Eurasian Blackbird, Turdus merula (28.6%), followed by the common nightingale, Luscinia megarhynchos (12.9%) and the common chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs (11.3%). These three bird species harboured the majority of ticks on their heads – some single individuals were infested by 10 up to 25 ticks per bird. Conclusion: Ixodes ricinus was found as the predominant tick species in this study. Nymphs were the most frequently observed stage. Infesting both birds and humans, this tick species has the potential to spread local tick-borne infections.

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Birds and hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), with discussions about hypotheses on tick evolution

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

The Role of Birds in the Transmission of Lyme Disease

The Role of Birds in the Transmission of Lyme Disease

A checklist of the tick of vultures, with the first record of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus linnaei (Acari: Ixodidae) from the Indian vulture, Gyps indicus (Falconiformes: Accipitridae)

Records of Ixodid Ticks on Wild Birds in Bulgaria

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