Bird species turnover is related to changing predation risk along a vegetation gradient

LaManna, Joseph A.; Hemenway, Amy B.; Boccadori, Vanna J.; Martin, Thomas E.

doi:10.1890/14-1333.1

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This study was conducted from 16 May to 15 August, 2009–2014, within 20 forest stands that varied in relative composition of deciduous to coniferous vegetation in western Montana, USA (LaManna et al . ). Nest predation rates varied along this vegetation gradient for all 10 bird species, but some species had greater nest predation in conifer vegetation while others had greater nest predation in deciduous vegetation (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Costs of fear: behavioural and life‐history responses to risk and their demographic consequences vary across species

2016

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Behavioural responses to reduce predation risk might cause demographic 'costs of fear'. Costs differ among species, but a conceptual framework to understand this variation is lacking. We use a life-history framework to tie together diverse traits and life stages to better understand interspecific variation in responses and costs. We used natural and experimental variation in predation risk to test phenotypic responses and associated demographic costs for 10 songbird species. Responses such as increased parental attentiveness yielded reduced development time and created benefits such as reduced predation probability. Yet, responses to increased risk also created demographic costs by reducing offspring production in the absence of direct predation. This cost of fear varied widely across species, but predictably with the probability of repeat breeding. Use of a life-history framework can aid our understanding of potential demographic costs from predation, both from responses to perceived risk and from direct predation mortality.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…S1; LaManna et al . ). Thus, nest predation risk varied across species in opposing directions along the environmental gradient, providing a strong natural back‐drop for testing behavioural and demographic responses to predation risk across species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Costs of fear: behavioural and life‐history responses to risk and their demographic consequences vary across species

2016

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“…Our results suggest that enclosed nesting songbird species may not be any less sensitive to changes in predation pressure than open nesting species. Life‐history traits (LaManna & Martin, ) or evolved nest site preferences (LaManna, Hemenway, Boccadori, & Martin, ; Lampila, Monkkonen, & Desrochers, ; Martin, ) that influence susceptibility to predation risk may be more important for linking nest predation risk to population dynamics. Additionally, enclosed nests may not relax selection by predation risk on parental care traits such as offspring provisioning or nest attentiveness compared to open nests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nest structure affects auditory and visual detectability, but not predation risk, in a tropical songbird community

Mouton

Martin

2019

Functional Ecology

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Offspring mortality varies dramatically among species with critical demographic and evolutionary ramifications, yet the causes of this variation remain unclear. Nests are widely used for breeding across taxa and thought to influence offspring mortality risk. Traditionally, more complex, enclosed nest structures are thought to reduce offspring predation by reducing the visibility of nest contents and muffling offspring sounds compared to open nests. Direct tests of the functional bases for nest structure influence on predation risk are lacking. We used experiments and 10 years of observational data to examine how nest structure influences nest predation risk in a diverse community of tropical songbirds. First, we examined how nest size was related to nest structure and nest predation rates across species. Second, we assessed how nest structure influences the detectability of nestling begging calls both in field and in laboratory settings. Finally, we examined how the acoustic properties of different nest structures influence nest predation risk. Specifically, we experimentally broadcast begging calls from open and enclosed nests to determine how auditory cues and nest structure interact to affect predation on plasticine and quail eggs. We also tested whether nest structure was associated with differences in nest predation rates between the incubation (no begging cues) and nestling (begging cues) stages. We found that enclosed nests are larger than open nests after accounting for adult size, and larger nests had increased predation rates. Moreover, enclosed nests did not consistently alter nestling begging calls in ways that reduce the likelihood of predation compared to open nests. Indeed, begging cues increased predation rates for enclosed but not open‐cup nests in our playback experiment, and nest predation rates showed greater increases after hatching in enclosed than open‐cup nests. Ultimately, enclosed nests do not necessarily provide greater predation benefits than open nests in contrast to long‐standing theory. A free plain language summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

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“…Since estimating local colonization and extinction rates is typically a better predictor of future occupancy patterns (Yackulic, Nichols, Reid, & Der, ), our approach may be more useful to predict how species distributions may change into the future under new habitat or climatic conditions. Likewise, as species interactions could vary along environmental gradients (LaManna et al., ), a major strength of our DCOM is the ability to model interactions as a function of covariates. JDSMs that use a covariance matrix approach to estimate co‐occurrence make it more difficult to include covariates on species interactions, though such techniques make it easier to estimate associations between a greater number of species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multistate dynamic occupancy model to estimate local colonization–extinction rates and patterns of co‐occurrence between two or more interacting species

Fidino

Simonis²,

Magle

2018

Methods Ecol Evol

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Although ecology is rife with theory that explores how multiple species co‐occur through space and time, the field lacks robust statistical models to parameterize this theory with empirical data, particularly when species are detected imperfectly and data are collected as a time‐series. We address this need by developing an occupancy model that estimates local colonization and extinction rates for two or more interacting species when data are collected across multiple sampling occasions. This model estimates how community composition at a site may change across sampling occasions by assuming the latent occupancy state is a categorical random variable. We used a multinomial‐logit model to parameterize species specific parameters and pairwise interactions between species, both of which can be made a function of covariates. These transition probabilities between community states can then be converted to occupancy or co‐occurrence probabilities to determine how community composition varies along an environmental gradient or through time. As an example, we estimate patterns of co‐occurrence between coyote Canis latrans, Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana, and raccoon Procyon lotor in Chicago, Illinois, USA with data from a multiyear camera trapping study. Models with pairwise interactions between species greatly out performed models that assumed independence between species. Opossum and raccoon, for example, were far less likely to go extinct in habitat patches where coyotes were present. Community composition at a site depends on species interactions and the local environment. Our model can separate such effects by estimating the underlying processes that define species occurrence patterns. As a result, our model can more explicitly quantify a wide range of ecological dynamics and therefore be used to empirically test ecological theory, such as estimating priority effects at a site or turnover rates between species, both of which can be made to vary as a function of covariates.

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Bird species turnover is related to changing predation risk along a vegetation gradient

Cited by 24 publications

References 59 publications

Costs of fear: behavioural and life‐history responses to risk and their demographic consequences vary across species

Costs of fear: behavioural and life‐history responses to risk and their demographic consequences vary across species

Nest structure affects auditory and visual detectability, but not predation risk, in a tropical songbird community

A multistate dynamic occupancy model to estimate local colonization–extinction rates and patterns of co‐occurrence between two or more interacting species

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