“…Despite this, there is now overwhelming evidence that conversion of natural or semi-natural habitats to oil palm has severe negative impacts on biodiversity Foster et al, 2011) (Table 1). This is particularly the case if the land being converted is natural forest, but is also generally true if the land is under timber or another forest crop, which house higher levels of biodiversity than oil palm (Aratrakorn et al, 2006;Chung et al, 2000aChung et al, , 2000bDanielsen & Heegaard, 1995;Davis & Philips, 2005;Glor et al, 2001;Hassall et al, 2006;Peh et al, 2006;Room, 1975;Sheldon et al, 2010;Taylor, 1977). Studies have now been carried out on a diverse range of taxa including insects (ants, beetles, bees, butterflies and moths), other arthropods (woodlice), mammals (primates, tree shrews, squirrels and bats), birds, and lizards ( Table 1).…”