Bird migratory flyways influence the phylogeography of the invasive brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in its native American range

Abstract

View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/200), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. flyways. There was a high degree of regional endemism, with populations subdivided into at least 12 divergent, geographically restricted and largely allopatric mitochondrial lineages, and high levels of population structure ( Φ ST of 0.92), indicating low ongoing gene flow. We found evidence of human-mediated introductions in nine out of 39 populations analysed. Once these populations were removed, Mantel tests revealed a strong association between genetic variation and geographic distance (i.e., isolation-by-distance pattern). RDA showed that shared bird flyways explained around 20% of the variance in genetic distance between populations and this was highly significant, once geographic distance was controlled for. The variance explained increased to 30% when the factor human introduction was included in the model. Our findings suggest that bird-mediated transport of brine shrimp propagules does not result in substantial ongoing gene flow; instead, it had a significant historical role on the current species phylogeography, facilitating the colonisation of new aquatic environments as PeerJ PrePrints | https://peerj.com/preprints/79v1/ | v1 received:

Eastern spread of the invasive Artemia franciscana in the Mediterranean Basin, with the first record from the Balkan Peninsula

“…3) (Table S1 in Supplementary Material). This suggests an introduction through commercial cysts (mainly used in aquaculture and the aquarium trade) as it has been previously demonstrated for most of the introduced range of A. franciscana (Amat et al, 2005;Muñoz et al, 2013Muñoz et al, , 2014. Combined with previous results from the literature, our results suggest an introduction from the main harvested cysts sources from the Great Salt Lake (GSL) or San Francisco Bay (SFB), which have been historically the two most commercially distributed native populations (Amat et al, 2005).…”

“…A total of 34 individual sequences from Nin (Croatia) were trimmed and aligned using BIOEDIT v7.0.9 (Hall, 1999), and all new haplotypes were deposited in Genbank (Genbank accession numbers: MH197108-MH197111, see also Table S2 in Supplementary Material). Our COI data set was combined with some previously published data sets from Muñoz et al (2013Muñoz et al ( , 2014 and Eimanifar et al (2015) (see Table XXX for accession numbers). Basic population statistics for the Nin population were generated using DNAsp (Librado & Rozas, 2009).…”

Population dynamics of the brine shrimp Artemia persimilis Piccinelli & Prosdocimi, 1968 (Crustacea, Anostraca) in a hypersaline lake of the Central Pampa (Argentina)

“…The southernmost register corresponded to Las Tunas Lake in the province of Cordoba, where it could have come because of dispersal by birds (Muñoz et al 2013). At present, all records to the south of 33 ° latitude, both in the center of the country and in Patagonia, correspond to A. persimilis (Ruiz et al 2008, Vignatti et al 2014, Echaniz et al 2015.…”

“…In Argentina, the genus Artemia is represented by two species: Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906and Artemia persimilis Piccinelli & Prosdocimi, 1968(Cohen 2012. The former is a species of North America that would have been introduced to South America by the migrations of birds (Muñoz et al 2013), and its distribution is limited to the latitude of 33°S (Ruiz et al 2008). A. persimilis is autochthonous, restricted to environments in Chile and Argentina (Clegg & Gajardo 2009), and at present is the only species recorded in the province of La Pampa (Vignatti et al 2014, Echaniz et al 2015.…”

How do freshwater organisms cross the “dry ocean”? A review on passive dispersal and colonization processes with a special focus on temporary ponds

“…Lavens & Sorgeloos, 1996;Amat et al, 2007), deliberate introductions to support human activities may occur (e.g. Tackaert & Sorgeloos, 1993;Su & Mulla, 2002) and this may influence the natural biogeographical range of organisms (Muñoz et al, 2013). Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the introduction of exotic species reduces regional biodiversity by promoting pond assemblage homogenization and contributing to the extinction of indigenous, even endemic, species (e.g.…”