Bird eye analysis of skyline views from an elevated recreation trail—The case of the Fu Forest Trail, Fuzhou, China

Visibility and symbolism of corporate architecture: A multi-method approach for visual impact assessment

“…Proposed by Benedikt (1979), the isovist is among the earlier attempts in this regard, and it is expressed as the volume of visible space from a given vantage point. The advancement of computational techniques has allowed for the further expansion and development of these methods, which include visibility graph (Batty, 2001; Turner, 2001), the Spatial Openness Index (Fisher-Gewirtzman & Wagner, 2003, 2006; Fisher-Gewirtzman, 2017), and Visual Impact Volumetric Analysis (Lin et al, 2020). As one type of visibility graph, viewshed analysis is still among the most popular geographic information system (GIS) tools employed in visibility assessment (Karimimoshaver and Winkemann, 2018; Turner, et al, 2001; Danese et al, 2009; Rød and Van der Meer, 2009; Van der Hoeven and Nijhuis, 2012); nevertheless, it has many limitations when applied to the visual impact assessment of a single building from a human perspective (Nutsford et al, 2015).…”

“…In order to compute the projected building surface from the 3D model, this study proposes the utilization of an increasingly popular visual impact assessment method based on recent developments proposed by Bartie et al (2008), Danese et al (2011), and Lin et al (2020). Firstly, the position of the three vantage points in the 3D model was determined based on the coordinates and elevation of the shooting locations utilized in the fieldwork.…”

Merging Architectural Structures with Forest Walkways: A Comprehensive Review of Treetop Walkways and the Fu Forest Trail of China

“…There were also many kilometers of ground-based walkways built during the same period as an adjunct. The total length of the forest trail network is more than 19 km, covering a mountainous forest area of 175 hm 2 , and the construction area is nearly 48.7 hm 2 [59,60]. The route connects more than 10 mountainous parks, with various supporting facilities such as the bird's-eye view sightseeing platforms, observation towers, teahouses, a tourist center, catering centers, and an upcoming business center with an area of 3 hm 2 (some facilities were reconstructed from small abandoned mines and bus parking lots).…”

“…It is important that such design upgrades obtain recognition and acceptance easily, from the public or more professional evaluation teams. According to research on the Fu Forest Trail [16,59,60], appearance design has a high degree of acceptance by local residents, more than 70% of respondents think that the appearance and shape of the trail possess a high level of design and an aesthetic feeling. The trail has also won various international awards for its architectural design and in inhabitation environment [20,22,60].…”

“…Research on the perceptions and experiences of the Fu Forest Trail [17,60,64,67] has found the public to report a significant preference for and recognition of the enjoyment generated from the above-ground structures. The overall microclimate effect of the trail is better, with a positive effect on one's physical comfort and enjoyment [68,69], and the public has gained strongly positive experiences of the sightseeing (e.g., vivid viewing angles, surprising urban skylines from bird's-eye view) [59,60], tactile sensations, and textures of the construction materials of the trail [60].…”