Bird conservation in tropical ecosystems

Tobias, Joe; Şekercioğlu, Çağan H.; Vargas, F. Hernán

doi:10.1002/9781118520178.ch15

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Changes in abundance following disturbance often vary across species in unpredictable ways [66], potentially leading to some species becoming 'functionally extinct' when their abundance drops so low that they contribute little to ecological processes [32,55]. Moreover, FD can be a misleading surrogate for species contributions to ecological processes, because phenotypically distinct taxa tend to be rarer and thus interact with fewer species across the network [67].…”

Section: (B) Variation In Trait Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bird survey sampling was distributed proportionally among habitat categories by area (for a detailed breakdown of sampling, see [54]). Within each land-cover class, we excluded all species with fewer than three observations across all transects within that habitat, as these are likely to be transient or low-density populations with minimal contribution to ecosystem functioning; that is, they are likely to be 'functionally extinct' within that land-cover class [32,55].…”

Section: (C) Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

et al. 2016

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Vertebrates perform key roles in ecosystem processes via trophic interactions with plants and insects, but the response of these interactions to environmental change is difficult to quantify in complex systems, such as tropical forests. Here, we use the functional trait structure of Amazonian forest bird assemblages to explore the impacts of land-cover change on two ecosystem processes: seed dispersal and insect predation. We show that trait structure in assemblages of frugivorous and insectivorous birds remained stable after primary forests were subjected to logging and fire events, but that further intensification of human land use substantially reduced the functional diversity and dispersion of traits, and resulted in communities that occupied a different region of trait space. These effects were only partially reversed in regenerating secondary forests. Our findings suggest that local extinctions caused by the loss and degradation of tropical forest are non-random with respect to functional traits, thus disrupting the network of trophic interactions regulating seed dispersal by forest birds and herbivory by insects, with important implications for the structure and resilience of human-modified tropical forests. Furthermore, our results illustrate how quantitative functional traits for specific guilds can provide a range of metrics for estimating the contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem processes, and the response of such processes to land-cover change

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Section: (B) Variation In Trait Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (C) Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

et al. 2016

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“…This requires comparable and reliable estimates of species richness across large geographical scales (Ibáñez et al, 2006). Tropical ecosystems that support 87% of the world's bird species are generally under greater pressure from human population growth, agricultural expansion, and a host of related factors, and many of them are highly susceptible to habitat loss or climate change (Tobias, Sekercioglu, both climate change and anthropogenic activities (Haileab, Demel, & Ensermu, 2014;Tobias et al, 2013). Protecting elevational gradients can helpfully capture montane biodiversity patterns and facilitate species range shifts (Elsen, Monahan, & Merenlender, 2018).…”

Section: Conservation In the Subregionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors determining species richness patterns of breeding birds along an elevational gradient in the Horn of Africa region

Abebe

Cai

Wale

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Aim To document the species richness patterns of breeding birds along elevational gradients and explore its drivers in the Horn of Africa region. Location Horn of Africa region. Taxon Breeding birds. Methods Distributional data for breeding birds were collected. Elevational distribution data were extracted, interpolated, and assembled for all birds, passerines, and nonpasserines. In order to tease apart how different environmental factors contributed to the variation in species richness, we found it is necessary to divide the area into four subregions with different climatic regimes and topographic structure, namely western slope, eastern slope, wet side, and dry side. Then, the species richness in each 100‐m elevational band was counted along the elevational gradients of each subregion. Pearson's correlation analyses and ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions were used to examine the relationships between species richness and factors. Results The variation in species richness followed hump‐shaped patterns for all subregions, although with peak values at different elevations. The bird species groups on the western and eastern slopes showed low and high plateaus with mid‐elevation peaks, respectively, but very low species diversities at the highest elevations. Species richness was significantly correlated with temperature range and productivity in each subregion. The temperature range, area, and productivity explained 82% of the species richness variations for all birds on the western slope. Main conclusions The separate analyses of four area subdivisions provide strong indications of how various factors interact. Productivity and temperature range were the major driving factors for shaping the richness patterns, but deviations from expected patterns suggest modifying roles of mist formation zones in the valleys that deeply intersect the large highlands in the west and rich riparian vegetation where water from cool and humid environments at high elevation reaches lower elevations in the arid east. Conservation is recommended in each subregion based on the elevational richness scenarios.

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“…The maintenance and availability of resources are so important. Because not affect the balance in the ecosystem and birds represent a group with particular characteristics and importance to monitoring changes or effects in habitats (Koskimies, 1989;Tobias, Sekercioglu & Vargas, 2013).…”

Section: Birds Populations In Corral De Piedra Palustrinementioning

confidence: 99%

Avifaunal characterization of Corral de Piedra Palustrine Wetland, Nicoya, Costa Rica

Vargas-Masís

Piedra-Castro

Bravo-Chacón³

2017

URJ

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Wetlands maintain high biodiversity and provide important habitat for many bird species, but now have strong pressure from anthropogenic activities. Birds in wetlands are important indicators of environmental changes and our goal was to characterize the bird community in the wetlands Palustrine Corral de Piedra as a mechanism for conservation of tropical dry forest of Costa Rica. We used point counts to describe bird richness and abundance in open (lakes and flooded grasslands) and wooded areas. We described habitat use and microhabitats, trophic guilds, biogeographic distribution and status in Costa Rica. We recorded 83 species of resident birds belonging to 36 families, of which 65 are resident species and 18 have some migratory status in Costa Rica. Secondary consumer species of small vertebrates corresponded to 45,8% and primary consumers were 25,3%. The birds mainly used trees for perching but use emergent shrubs, floating vegetation and water. We found a large number of Egrets, Flycatchers and Hawks playing important roles as pollinators, seed dispersers and predator is adding significant value to the ecological dynamics of forests and lakes in the area. Corral de Piedra has special importance as a site for the establishment of migratory birds and large number of resident species of conservation concern. We consider that joint efforts between residents and researchers are an important tool for bird conservation in the region.Keywords: wetlands, birds, conservation, richness, habitat, trophic guilds. RESUMEN: Caracterización de la avifauna del Humedal PalustrinoCorral de Piedra, Nicoya, Costa Rica. Los humedales mantienen una alta biodiversidad y proporcionan un hábitat importante para muchas especies de aves, pero enfrentan fuertes presiones por actividades antropogénicas. Las aves en los humedales son importantes indicadores de cambios ambientales y nuestro objetivo fue caracterizar la comunidad de aves en el Humedal Palustrino Corral de Piedra como mecanismo de conservación del bosque tropical seco de Costa Rica. Utilizamos puntos de conteo para describir la riqueza y abundancia de aves en áreas abiertas (lagunas y pastizales inundados) y zonas boscosas. Describimos el uso del hábitat y microhábitats, gremios tróficos, distribución biogeográfica y estatus en Costa Rica. Registramos 83 especies de aves que corresponden a 36 familias, de las cuales 65 son especies residentes y 18 poseen algún estatus migratorio en Costa Rica. Las especies consumidoras secundarias de pequeños vertebrados correspondieron al 45,8% y los consumidores primarios fueron el 25,3 %. Las aves utilizan principalmente árboles para posarse, pero utilizan también arbustos emergentes, vegetación flotante y agua. Encontramos un gran número de garzas, atrapamoscas y halcones que desempeñan papeles importantes como polinizadores, depredadores y dispersores de semillas de frutas, añadiendo un valor significativo a la dinámica ecológica de los bosques y lagunas de la zona. Corral de Piedra posee especial importancia porque permite e...

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Bird conservation in tropical ecosystems

Cited by 48 publications

References 142 publications

Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

Using avian functional traits to assess the impact of land-cover change on ecosystem processes linked to resilience in tropical forests

Factors determining species richness patterns of breeding birds along an elevational gradient in the Horn of Africa region

Avifaunal characterization of Corral de Piedra Palustrine Wetland, Nicoya, Costa Rica

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