Bird breeding season linked to sunshine hours in a marginally seasonal equatorial climate

Berman, Laura M.; Li, David; Yang, Shengchun; Kennewell, Martin; Rheindt, Frank E.

doi:10.1007/s10336-022-02009-9

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…During the year‐long monitoring, we observed multiple breeding peaks for both species, which is not unusual for birds breeding in the tropics (Berman et al, 2022). We compared the breeding peaks we observed in the swiftlets with nesting data from 56 other local bird species in Singapore (Berman et al, 2022). Interestingly, the black‐nest swiftlet displayed three overlapping breeding peaks, which corresponded significantly with the local avifaunal nesting season ( r = .77, SE = 0.19, p = .003), and decreased in magnitude over the year (between February and August; Figure 4, Figure S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…During the year-long monitoring, we observed multiple breeding peaks for both species, which is not unusual for birds breeding in the tropics (Berman et al, 2022). We compared the breeding peaks we observed in the swiftlets with nesting data from 56 other local bird species in Singapore (Berman et al, 2022).…”

Section: Temporal Differences In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Breeding seasonality in the equatorial tropics appears to be correlated with the number of hours per day of sunshine (during which direct irradiance exceeds 120 Watts/m 2 ). In Singapore, daily hours of sunshine are highly influenced by rainfall and cloud cover (Berman et al, 2022; Medway & Wells, 1976). Periods of high sunshine probably especially benefit aerial insectivores like swiftlets, allowing them to spend more time foraging in flight to meet the increased food demand required for chick provisioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swiftlets at our site have a protracted breeding season (a feature also observed in cave-roosting populations; Medway, 1962b), comprised of multiple peaks that extend across most of the year; ediblenest swiftlets appear to have a longer breeding season and more breeding peaks compared to black-nest swiftlets (Figure 4). Both swiftlet species breed during largely similar periods (except for the edible-nest swiftlets' off-season peak), with black-nest swiftlets showing significant correlation with the annual nesting trends of the local avifauna (Figure 4; Berman et al, 2022).…”

Section: Temporal Shifts In Breeding Seasons and Differences In Offsp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…See Figure A2 for more details on each developmental phase. Nesting intensity of avifauna in Singapore (as defined by Berman et al, 2022) SADANANDAN et period of edible-nest swiftlets-characterized by the highest proportion of active nests-occurred at a time when black-nest swiftlets did not breed (Figure 4; Figure S1). This additional offseason peak by edible-nest swiftlets exhibited significantly higher egg-hatching success than the three edible-nest breeding peaks between January and August (mean difference of 14%, r = .34, SE = 0.08, p < .0001; Figure 4b, Figure A6).…”

Section: Temporal Differences In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal resource partitioning in a mixed‐species colony of avian echolocators

Sadanandan¹,

Tan

Lim

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Resource partitioning may facilitate the coexistence of sympatric species with similar ecological requirements. Here, we study a colony of unusual echolocating birds called swiftlets, which nest underground on an island off the coast of Singapore. The colony comprises two congeneric swiftlet species, black‐nest swiftlets (Aerodramus maximus) and edible‐nest swiftlets (A. fuciphagus), nesting at high densities and in close proximity. Bioacoustic recordings and monitoring of nesting biology at the site across multiple seasons revealed significant differences in echolocation calls as well as survival rates between the species, with the larger black‐nest swiftlet nesting at locations with the highest fledging rates. We also observe an additional off‐season breeding peak by the smaller species, the edible‐nest swiftlet. Unexpectedly, off‐season egg‐hatching rates were significantly higher compared with the rates during the shared breeding season (mean difference = 14%). Our study on the breeding biology of these echolocating cave‐dwelling birds provides an example of spatial and temporal strategies that animals employ to partition resources within a confined habitat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Temporal Differences In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temporal Shifts In Breeding Seasons and Differences In Offsp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temporal Differences In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal resource partitioning in a mixed‐species colony of avian echolocators

Sadanandan¹,

Tan

Lim

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Acoustic phenology of tropical resident birds differs between native forest species and parkland colonizer species

Berman,

Xuan Tan,

Grafe

et al. 2024

Journal of Avian Biology

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Most birds are characterized by a seasonal phenology closely adapted to local climatic conditions, even in tropical habitats where climatic seasonality is slight. In order to better understand the phenologies of resident tropical birds, and how phenology may differ among species at the same site, we used ~70 000 hours of audio recordings collected continuously for two years at four recording stations in Singapore and nine custom‐made machine learning classifiers to determine the vocal phenology of a panel of nine resident bird species. We detected distinct seasonality in vocal activity in some species but not others. Native forest species sang seasonally. In contrast, species which have had breeding populations in Singapore only for the last few decades exhibited seemingly aseasonal or unpredictable song activity throughout the year. Urbanization and habitat modification over the last 100 years have altered the composition of species in Singapore, which appears to have influenced phenological dynamics in the avian community. It is unclear what is driving the differences in phenology between these two groups of species, but it may be due to either differences in seasonal availability of preferred foods, or because newly established populations may require decades to adjust to local environmental conditions. Our results highlight the ways that anthropogenic habitat modification may disrupt phenological cycles in tropical regions in addition to altering the species community.

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Morphometry of FEMALE Reproductive Organs of Rose- Ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) in Breeding and non-breeding Seasons

Rasheed,

Rehan,

Qureshi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The reproductive organs of rose-ringed parakeet (n= 6) were studied in detail in this research work during breeding (December to April) and non-breeding (May to November) seasons. After slaughtering, organs of the reproductive system were collected for anatomical and histological study. The right ovary and oviduct were absent, the left ovary and oviduct were collected to record weight and dimensions (width, length, diameter, and volume). The results showed a higher weight (1.08±0.116 g) of the left ovary during the breeding and a decreased (0.069±0.015 g) in the non-breeding season (P< 0.05). The length of the left ovary during the breeding and non-breeding season was recorded as (6.59±0.20 mm) and (5.75±0.12 mm). The width of the left ovary during the breeding season and in non-breeding was recorded as (5.86±0.09 mm) and (3.76±0.18 mm). The results showed maximum volume (0.05±0.003 cm) during the breeding season and a decrease in volume (0.03±0.003 cm) in the non-breeding season in the left ovary. A higher weight (1.21±0.13 g) of the left oviduct during the breeding and a decreased (0.08±0.016 g) in the non-breeding season was observed. The length of the oviduct during the breeding season was (33.21±0.14 mm) and during non-breeding season as (30.23±0.29 mm). The width of oviduct during breeding season was recorded as (1.12±0.01 mm) and during in non-breeding season as (0.83±0.03 mm), respectively. Thus, the ovary and oviduct have higher weights and dimensions during the breeding season that correspond to breeding activity.

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Bird breeding season linked to sunshine hours in a marginally seasonal equatorial climate

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Spatial and temporal resource partitioning in a mixed‐species colony of avian echolocators

Spatial and temporal resource partitioning in a mixed‐species colony of avian echolocators

Acoustic phenology of tropical resident birds differs between native forest species and parkland colonizer species

Morphometry of FEMALE Reproductive Organs of Rose- Ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) in Breeding and non-breeding Seasons

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