Bipolar Modulation of the Ionic Circuit for Generic Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Logic and Sensor

Abstract

Photonic (bio)electronic circuits and devices have been an enduring goal in modern photonics and electronics. Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) interfacing light with biological world creates a substantial opportunity to this end due to the immense light−bio−matter interplay. Through modulating the invisible ionic circuit of organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) with a bipolar electrode (BPE) accommodating different semiconductor combinations, the unique photonic electronics toward logic and sensor applications are realized. Six combinations of BPEs are produced by the representative n‐type CdS/TiO2 and p‐type BiOI/NiO semiconductors, and the corresponding photonic characteristics and operation rationale are systematically investigated and explained. Designation of opto‐logic circuits and feasibility as a sensory platform are subsequently demonstrated. This work not only represents new photonic bioelectronics but also provides a generic mechanism for the design and development of advanced opto‐logics and bio‐analytics.

Silicon solar cell-enabled organic photoelectrochemical transistor optoelectronics

“…Park et al [20] introduced flexible photovoltaics that could harvest solar energy to power the OECT drain-source (d-s) circuit and transduce cardiac signals. Semiconductor gates have also been used by Winther-Jensen's and our group for logic gates [21] and organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensing [22,23]. Despite these advances, the study in this field is still in its infancy, and remains to be explored.…”

Alkaline Phosphatase-Mediated Bioetching of CoOOH/BiVO4 for Signal-On Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Bioanalysis

“…22,23 Rational usage of the rich light−matter−bio interplay occurring at this forefront further makes possible exquisite OPECT operation of a lightsustained, bio-dependent, zero-bias-gated, and even selfpowered fashion. 24,25 Albeit its obvious advantages and potential, the study in this arena is just in its infancy and further establishment of advanced OPECT interrogation of biological systems is highly anticipated.…”

Polymer dots synergized with a NiO hole transporting layer and poly(amido amine) dendrimer: toward sensitive photocathodic detection of tyrosinase level in serum

“…Photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis is a rapidly developing methodology for sensitive biomolecule detection with a fast response, low background and high sensitivity. 11–16 In comparison with the well-studied photoanodic bioanalysis, 17–26 serious consideration of p-type light-harvesting materials for photocathodic bioanalysis is relatively recent. 27–31 Nevertheless, because of their desirable properties such as higher stability than the anodic system and superior anti-interference capability against reductive substances in actual biological samples, exploration in this direction is gaining strong momentum.…”