2000
DOI: 10.1017/s0924270800035602
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Bipolar disorder in children and adolecents: a clinical reality?

Abstract: The appearance, the differential diagnosis and the prevalence of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is discussed. Among adolescents bipolar disorder appears to have a similar prevalence in the US and The Netherlands. However, among children it is frequently diagnosed in the US and hardly in The Netherlands. It is concluded that bipolar disorder tends to start earlier in the US than in the Netherlands. It is hypothesized that this may be related to a higher use of stimulants and antidepressants by US … Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…It is, however, not clear from our results if this indeed implies a missing awareness of the atypical picture of BD in younger people (e.g. no clear episodes, mixed symptoms) or supports the hypothesis that early administration of certain drugs favor an earlier onset of BD in other countries (14). Preliminary prospective data argues against this latter hypothesis; at least stimulants did not worsen manic symptoms in the short term (17).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 83%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It is, however, not clear from our results if this indeed implies a missing awareness of the atypical picture of BD in younger people (e.g. no clear episodes, mixed symptoms) or supports the hypothesis that early administration of certain drugs favor an earlier onset of BD in other countries (14). Preliminary prospective data argues against this latter hypothesis; at least stimulants did not worsen manic symptoms in the short term (17).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 83%
“…The prevalence of BD in children and adolescents based on the reports of the psychiatrists for 2001 was 0.55 and 0.48% respectively, which is lower than other reports from community samples (1, 3). The total number of BD diagnoses in patients under the age of 13 years in the Netherlands (n ¼ 27) for 2000 was higher than in southern Germany with n ¼ 11 (14). The opposite is, however, true for adolescents.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Adolescents were excluded if they had a current mental disorder, a life-time history of major depressive disorder or dysthymia, or a history of psychopathology in the past two years. Adolescent psychopathology was assessed at baseline during a face-to-face interview using the Structured Interview of the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL [36]). For parents, no in-or exclusion criteria were specified, except for a good command of the Dutch language.…”
Section: Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Teacher ratings of behavior were obtained using the Teacher Report Form (TRF) [3]. In addition, the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version 1.0 with supplement (K-SADS-PL), a semistructured DSM-IV based psychiatric interview, was administered to children and parents [34,58]. This semistructured interview has been used extensively to make diagnostic decisions based on DSM criteria and has been validated with children aged 6-17.…”
Section: Subjectsmentioning
confidence: 99%