Bipolar disorder: Causes, contexts, and treatments

Leahy, Robert L.

doi:10.1002/jclp.20360

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Ambivalence towards treatment is common for people with BD (Leahy, 2007). Here, we focus on how creativity and its associated temperaments and values may interfere with acceptance of the diagnosis and an aversion to the goals of stabilizing mood and “restoring normalcy”.…”

Section: Creativity and Engagement With Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical significance of creativity in bipolar disorder

Murray

Johnson

2010

Clinical Psychology Review

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Clinical implications of the high rates of creativity within bipolar disorder (BD) have not been explored. The aim of this review is to outline these implications by (i) reviewing evidence for the link between creativity and BD, (ii) developing a provisional model of mechanisms underpinning the creativity–BD link, (iii) describing unique challenges faced by creative-BD populations, and (iv) systematically considering evidence-based psychosocial treatments in the light of this review. While more research into the creativity–BD nexus is urgently required, treatment outcomes will benefit from consideration of this commonly occurring phenotype.

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Section: Creativity and Engagement With Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical significance of creativity in bipolar disorder

Murray

Johnson

2010

Clinical Psychology Review

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“…The molecular basis of BD is unknown and there is still almost no understanding of biochemical alterations associated with the illness or involved in its pathophysiology. The lack of biomarkers complicates the differentiation of BD from other mood disorders 4, 5 and often hampers specific treatment at an early stage. Nevertheless, lithium has been used for over 35 years for the treatment of BD, being the gold standard and perhaps the most widely used drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apolipoprotein A‐I as a candidate serum marker for the response to lithium treatment in bipolar disorder

et al. 2010

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The molecular basis of bipolar disorder (BD) is still unknown as is the mechanism through which lithium, the therapy of choice, exerts its effects in treatment of BD. So far, no biomarkers exist to facilitate diagnosis of BD or treatment evaluation. To investigate whether BD and its treatment with lithium leaves a characteristic signature in the serum proteome, we used SELDI-TOF MS to analyze individual serum samples from BD patients treated with lithium (BD-plus-Li, n=15) or other drugs (BD-minus-Li, n=10) and from healthy controls (n=15). Interestingly, features of 28 kDa (one peak) and 14 kDa (three peaks) showed a decreased level in the BD-minus-Li group and a level restored to that of the control group in the BD-plus-Li group. To reveal the identity of these features, we subjected pooled serum samples from both BD groups to the 2-D DIGE technology and identified 28 kDa apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) and three 14 kDa fragments thereof as upregulated in the BD-plus-Li group. Immunoturbidimetry, a routine clinical assay, verified the characteristic apo A-I signature in individual serum samples. In conclusion, we propose apo A-I as a candidate marker that can visualize response to lithium treatment at the serum protein level.

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“…Complex comorbidity within BD is common, including high levels of substance abuse (Strakowski, DelBello, Fleck, & Arndt, 2000), physical health problems (e.g., Leahy, 2007), relatively short-lived psychotic experiences (Johnson, 2004), and anxiety disorders and personality disorders (e.g., Altindag, Yanik, & Nebioglu, 2006). High comorbid anxiety is associated with parasuicide and suicidal ideation, although length of illness and hopelessness regarding recovery are also thought to potentially contribute to these findings (Simon, Zalta, Otto et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Compassion Focused Therapy for People with Bipolar Disorder

Lowens¹

2010

International Journal of Cognitive Therapy

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Bipolar affective disorder arises from major dysregulations in various affect and drive systems and constitutes a major mental health problem. Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) was developed from a neuroscience and evolutionary approach and pays particular attention to affect regulation. It therefore lends itself to both the analysis of bipolar disorders and offers potentially important interventions. This article will explore the applications of CFT to the understanding of bipolar disorder and development of compassion-focused interventions.Clients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) face a range of complex recovery challenges, including the need to work with mood instability, the fear of relapse, and the experience of potentially complex states of ambivalence associated with engaging with manic states and medication use. Recovery efforts of people with BD are frequently hampered by a tendency to strive for high standards, which can lead to difficulties with the pacing of recovery, and the presence of an attacking self-to-self relational style, which can have a powerful negative impact on the ability to cope with setbacks. Within this article, processes associated with BD, as understood by the modified Behavioral Activation System dysregulation theory (Urosevic, Abramson, Harmon-Jones, & Alloy, 2008) and social rank theory (Gilbert, McEwan, Hay, Irons, & Cheung, 2007) are described, along with details of how Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) can be used to help clients to strengthen their soothing systems, which is viewed as a key step in rebalancing mood states.Bipolar disorder is a serious illness, with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 0.8% (Johnson, 2004). As BD is recognized on the basis of historical information, unless revised in light of further information, a diagnosis tends to be lifelong (Mansell, Powell, Pedley, Thomas, & Jones, 2010). BD is understood to exist in two forms, type I in which a person has experienced a clear episode of mania, or a mixed episode involving aspects of depression and mania, and type II, which is identified if a person has experienced an episode of hypomania, and one or more episodes of depression (Johnson, 2004). It is generally, although not totally, accepted that BD exists on a continuum of severity.

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Bipolar disorder: Causes, contexts, and treatments

Cited by 39 publications

References 43 publications

The clinical significance of creativity in bipolar disorder

The clinical significance of creativity in bipolar disorder

Apolipoprotein A‐I as a candidate serum marker for the response to lithium treatment in bipolar disorder

Compassion Focused Therapy for People with Bipolar Disorder

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