Bipolar ablation for outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias: When the going gets tough, two catheters may be better than one

Abstract

Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an effective treatment strategy for patients with symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs).Conventional RFCA involves unipolar ablation in which the radiofrequency energy current is delivered between the catheter tip and a dispersive skin electrode. Ablation lesion size with unipolar ablation depends on multiple factors such as power, temperature, impedance, duration of energy delivery, and catheter-tissue contact force but is generally limited to 5-6 mm in depth. However, the substrate for VAs