Biphasic Dose Response in Low Level Light Therapy – an Update

Huang, Ying‐Ying; Sharma, Sunil; Carroll, James D.; Hamblin, Michael R.

doi:10.2203/dose-response.11-009.hamblin

Cited by 609 publications

(451 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…LLLT is a noninvasive treatment option that is used to stimulate wound healing, reduce inflammation and edema, and relieve pain [4]. It uses nonionizing light sources such as laser diodes (LDs) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) spectrum (600-1000 nm) [5][6][7].…”

Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, LLLT keeps the cellular reaction below this threshold and thereby it can modulate the activity of the target cells. Therefore, LLLT is a therapeutic modality [4,8,9].…”

Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These processes will increase the cellular activity and improve the intracellular signal transmission pathways. This will eventually lead to the synthesis of DNA and RNA, enzymes, and proteins, resulting in an enhanced cell proliferation, cell activation, and repair of injured/ compromised cells [4,7,8].…”

Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature, there is evidence that suggests that the effectiveness of LLLT treatments varies greatly on both the energy and power used. There seems to be an upper and lower threshold for both parameters between which LLLT is effective [4,8]. Power LLLT typically uses a power in the range from 1 to 1000 mW, and this varies widely depending on the type of medical application.…”

Section: Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a noninvasive treatment option used to stimulate wound healing and reduce inflammation, edema, and pain. LLLT is applied in a variety of medical domains ranging from dermatology, physiotherapy, neurology, to dentistry [4][5][6][7][8]. The use of LLLT in an oncologic setting has become an interesting study object in the recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

et al. 2016

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with an incidence of 1.7 million in 2012. Breast cancer and its treatments can bring along serious side effects such as fatigue, skin toxicity, lymphedema, pain, nausea, etc. These can substantially affect the patients' quality of life. Therefore, supportive care for breast cancer patients is an essential mainstay in the treatment. Low-level light therapy (LLLT) also named photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has proven its efficiency in general medicine for already more than 40 years. It is a noninvasive treatment option used to stimulate wound healing and reduce inflammation, edema, and pain. LLLT is used in different medical settings ranging from dermatology, physiotherapy, and neurology to dentistry. Since the last twenty years, LLLT is becoming a new treatment modality in supportive care for breast cancer. For this review, all existing literature concerning the use of LLLT for breast cancer was used to provide evidence in the following domains: oral mucositis (OM), radiodermatitis (RD), lymphedema, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). The findings of this review suggest that LLLT is a promising option for the management of breast cancer treatment-related side effects. However, it still remains important to define appropriate treatment and irradiation parameters for each condition in order to ensure the effectiveness of LLLT.

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Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, LLLT keeps the cellular reaction below this threshold and thereby it can modulate the activity of the target cells. Therefore, LLLT is a therapeutic modality [4,8,9].…”

Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Llt-mechanism Of Action On Molecular Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dosimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

et al. 2016

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A Comprehensive Analysis of Near‐Contact Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Host–Bacteria Interaction Model Using 3D‐Printed Modular LED Platform

et al. 2020

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One well‐studied bacterial factor recognized by the host immune system is lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that stimulate host cells, resulting in cell inflammation. Although photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy demonstrates its potency on anti‐inflammatory activity, the complete mechanism of action in the host–bacteria interaction model is still elusive. In addition, many studies were performed regarding a distance between the light source and biological sample (non‐contact therapy) that may result in disparate reports on the efficacy of PBM therapy. Thus, it is critical to clearly understand the effect of this approach to maximize efficacy and minimize side effects. Here, a custom‐built light‐emitting diode (LED) platform that mimics near‐contact therapy is developed. The effect and mechanism of PBM therapy on epithelial cells in response to LPS is systematically investigated under various conditions (wavelength, irradiation‐time, pulse‐frequency). The data show that the irradiation of near‐infrared (NIR‐LED) significantly improves the viability of inflamed cells. It reveals that NIR‐LED inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species by regulating the Nox4‐NF‐κB pathway. Interestingly, however, high‐pulse frequency stimulus causes the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) of cells, resulting in cell death. These results suggest that the optimized “PBM condition” is critical to assist the healthy immune system of the host against bacterial invasion.

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Molecularly generated light and its biomedical applications

Ran,

2023

Angewandte Chemie

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Molecularly generated light, referred to here as “molecular light”, mainly includes bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, and Cerenkov luminescence. Molecular light possesses unique dual features of being both a molecule and a source of light. Its molecular nature enables it to be delivered as molecules to regions deep within the body, overcoming the limitations of natural sunlight and physically generated light sources like lasers and LEDs. Simultaneously, its light properties make it valuable for applications such as imaging, photodynamic therapy, photo‐oxidative therapy, and photobiomodulation. In this review article, we provide an updated overview of the diverse applications of molecular light and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of molecular light across various domains. Lastly, we present forward‐looking perspectives on the potential of molecular light in the realms of molecular imaging, photobiological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and photobiomodulation. While some of these perspectives may be considered bold and contentious, our intent is to inspire further innovations in the field of molecular light applications.

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Biphasic Dose Response in Low Level Light Therapy – an Update

Cited by 609 publications

References 47 publications

The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

The use of low-level light therapy in supportive care for patients with breast cancer: review of the literature

A Comprehensive Analysis of Near‐Contact Photobiomodulation Therapy in the Host–Bacteria Interaction Model Using 3D‐Printed Modular LED Platform

Molecularly generated light and its biomedical applications

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