Biowaste Peanut Shell Powder-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Biomechanical Energy Scavenging and Sustainably Powering Electronic Supplies

Abstract

Biowaste-based nontoxic and flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with high performance are greatly recommended for eco-friendly low-cost mechanical energy harvesting. In this paper, a peanut shell powder (PSP)-based TENG is proposed with high output performance by utilizing peanut outer shells, which is a green and economical biowaste material produced over six million tons per year worldwide. The PSP-TENG generated a high open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and instantaneous power of 910 V, 104.5 μA, and 12 mW, respectively, by hand excitation force. Similarly, the fabricated device generated an open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and instantaneous power of 390 V, 14 μA, and 1.3 mW, respectively, under uniform applied force with 10 Hz frequency. For real-time zero energy consuming applications, the proposed PSP-TENG showed exemplary energy scavenging performance from human body motions. Furthermore, it is capable of easily powering up 150 commercial lightemitting diodes and an electronic calculator. Hence, the excellent performance from the fabricated biowaste-based PSP-TENG revealed its promising role for environmentalfriendly and economical self-powered devices.

Recent Advances towards Ocean Energy Harvesting and Self‐Powered Applications Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 144 ] Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society. c) The open‐circuit voltage of TENGs using seven degradable materials.…”

“…Therefore, Saqib et al. [ 144 ] used peanut shell powder (PSP) as a main material to prepare PSP film, as shown in Figure 12b. PSP is rich in oxygen atoms and shows high Lewis basicity.…”

Natural Hierarchically Structured Highly Porous Tomato Peel Based Tribo‐ and Piezo‐Electric Nanogenerator for Efficient Energy Harvesting

“…[ 3–6 ] These unconventional harvesting ways can save the environment and make the user's lives safer. [ 7,8 ] After the evolutional change made by Z. L. Wang group in the field of energy harvesting as tribo‐electric nanogenerators (TENGs), [ 9 ] plenty of research has been conducted to improve the efficiency, power‐generation, and bio‐compatibility. [ 6,10,11 ] Moreover, as a more durable, highly stable, efficient, and excellently sensitive device, the piezo‐electric nanogenerators (PENGs) [ 5 ] are also getting more and more attention these days.…”

“…[ 13–15 ] However, these synthesized materials seriously muddle the natural environment because of the toxic behavior and expensive synthetic processes. [ 7,8,16 ]…”

“…[13][14][15] However, these synthesized materials seriously muddle the natural environment because of the toxic behavior and expensive synthetic processes. [7,8,16] Extensive research has been done so far to study the piezoelectric effect in natural materials. [17] The piezo-electricity in the bio-materials has been reported previously in silk, [18] bacteriophages, [19] eggshell membrane, [20] chitin, [21] and collagens.…”