Biotransformation of progesterone by the green alga Chlorella emersonii C211-8h

Greca, Marina Della; Fiorentino, Antonio; Pinto, Gabriele; Pollio, Antonino; Previtera, Lucio

doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00786-5

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hydroxylation in other positions, for example, 2β (Pollio et al. 1994, 1996, Della Greca et al. 1996a), 6α (Fiorentino et al.…”

Section: Hydroxylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991), 6β (Abul‐Hajj and Qian 1986, Pollio et al. 1994, 1996, Della Greca et al. 1996a), 9α (Pollio et al.…”

Section: Hydroxylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1996) illustrated the ability of Chlorella vulgaris to transform 22 to 1 and 2 . In another study (Della Greca et al. 1996a), the same substrate was converted to testololactone ( 37 ) by C. emersonii under hyperhaline conditions, although this process involves an oxidative C13‐C17 bond cleavage as well.…”

Section: Side‐chain Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

Faramarzi¹,

Adrangi²,

Yazdi³

2008

Journal of Phycology

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Microbial biotransformation of steroids is not a new concept, but most studies in this field have focused on fungal and bacterial systems. Microalgae, despite their photosynthetic ability and immense biodiversity, have not received much attention in this aspect until recently. Since the publication of the first article on microalgal biotransformation of steroids about 20 years ago, there have been many reports describing different modifications, including hydroxylation, reduction, side-chain degradation, and isomerization introduced by these microorganisms on estrane, androstane, and pregnane derivatives. On the other hand, the development of new large-scale cultivation systems, the adaptation of existing fermentation techniques to microalgae, and the introduction of microalgal genetic manipulation methods have made these organisms promising candidates for a wide range of biotechnological processes, including biotransformations. In this review, we have summarized the steroid transformation patterns of several microalgal strains and present a perspective of the future trends in microalgal biotechnology, including the possibility of adapting relatively new techniques, such as organic media catalysis and cell immobilization, to this specific field.

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“…Hydroxylation in other positions, for example, 2β (Pollio et al. 1994, 1996, Della Greca et al. 1996a), 6α (Fiorentino et al.…”

Section: Hydroxylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1991), 6β (Abul‐Hajj and Qian 1986, Pollio et al. 1994, 1996, Della Greca et al. 1996a), 9α (Pollio et al.…”

Section: Hydroxylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

Faramarzi¹,

Adrangi²,

Yazdi³

2008

Journal of Phycology

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“…The occasional use of algae, such as Chlorella , Selenastrum , Muriella , Cyanidium , Galdieria , Cyanidioschyzon, and Scenedesmus , in metabolizing exogenous hormone‐like progesterone (an important mammalian female hormone) has been reported by several researchers (Pollio et al. 1994, 1996, Della Greca et al. 1996, Faramarzi et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

THE BIOTRANSFORMATION, BIODEGRADATION, AND BIOREMEDIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY MICROALGAE¹

Ghasemi

Rasoul‐Amini

Fotooh-Abadi

2011

Journal of Phycology

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Rapid growth in the biotechnological industry and production has put tremendous pressure on the biological methods that may be used according to the guidelines of green chemistry. However, despite continuing dramatic increases in published research on organic biotransformation by microorganisms, more research exists with microalgae. Our efforts in transforming chemicals such as organic compounds for the production of functionalized products help to lessen the environmental effects of organic synthesis. These biotransformations convert organic contaminants to obtain carbon or energy for growth or as cosubstrates. This review aims to focus on the potential of microalgae in transformation, conversion, remediation, accumulation, degradation, and synthesis of various organic compounds. However, these technologies have the ability to provide the most efficient and environmentally safe approach for inexpensive biotransforming of a variety of organic contaminants, which are most industrial residues. In addition, the recent advances in microalgal bioactivity were discussed.

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Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Metabolism of Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Katagi

2009

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

136

102

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The ecotoxicological assessment of pesticide effects in the aquatic environment should normally be based on a deep knowledge of not only the concentration of pesticides and metabolites found but also on the influence of key abiotic and biotic processes that effect rates of dissipation. Although the bioconcentration and bioaccumulation potentials of pesticides in aquatic organisms are conveniently estimated from their hydrophobicity (represented by log K(ow), it is still indispensable to factor in the effects of key abiotic and biotic processes on such pesticides to gain a more precise understanding of how they may have in the natural environment. Relying only on pesticide hydrophobicity may produce an erroneous environmental impact assessment. Several factors affect rates of pesticide dissipation and accumulation in the aquatic environment. Such factors include the amount and type of sediment present in the water and type of diet available to water-dwelling organisms. The particular physiological behavior profiles of aquatic organisms in water, such as capacity for uptake, metabolism, and elimination, are also compelling factors, as is the chemistry of the water. When evaluating pesticide uptake and bioconcentration processes, it is important to know the amount and nature of bottom sediments present and the propensity that the stuffed aquatic organisms have to absorb and process xenobiotics. Extremely hydrophobic pesticides such as the organochlorines and pyrethroids are susceptible to adsorb strongly to dissolved organic matter associated with bottom sediment. Such absorption reduces the bioavailable fraction of pesticide dissolved in the water column and reduces the probable ecotoxicological impact on aquatic organisms living the water. In contrast, sediment dweller may suffer from higher levels of direct exposure to a pesticide, unless it is rapidly degraded in sediment. Metabolism is important to bioconcentration and bioaccumulation processes, as is detoxification and bioactivation. Hydrophobic pesticides that are expected to be highly stored in tissues would not be bioconcentrated if susceptible to biotic transformation by aquatic organisms to more rapidly metabolized to hydrophilic entities are generally less toxic. By analogy, pesticides that are metabolized to similar entities by aquatic species surely are les ecotoxicologically significant. One feature of fish and other aquatic species that makes them more relevant as targets of environmental studies and of regulation is that they may not only become contaminated by pesticides or other chemicals, but that they constitute and important part of the human diet. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the enzymes that are capable of metabolizing or otherwise assisting in the removal of xenobiotics from aquatic species. Many studies have been performed on the enzymes that are responsible for metabolizing xenobiotics. In addition to the use of conventional biochemical methods, such studies on enzymes are increasingly being conducted using immunochemical met...

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Biotransformation of progesterone by the green alga Chlorella emersonii C211-8h

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

THE BIOTRANSFORMATION, BIODEGRADATION, AND BIOREMEDIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY MICROALGAE¹

Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Metabolism of Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

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Biotransformation of progesterone by the green alga Chlorella emersonii C211-8h

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS1

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS1

THE BIOTRANSFORMATION, BIODEGRADATION, AND BIOREMEDIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY MICROALGAE1

Bioconcentration, Bioaccumulation, and Metabolism of Pesticides in Aquatic Organisms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

MICROALGAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF STEROIDS¹

THE BIOTRANSFORMATION, BIODEGRADATION, AND BIOREMEDIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY MICROALGAE¹