Biotransformation of fruit residues via solid state bioprocess using Lichtheimia ramosa

Abstract

Lichtheimia ramosa is a promising candidate fungus for solid state bioprocesses (SSB) due its rapid colonization. Fruit wastes present ideal conditions for fungal growth and biotransformation, which can promote the release of products of biotechnological interest. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the mycelial growth and the enzymatic activities of L. ramosa in pineapple (Ananas comosus), orange (Citrus sinensis), mango (Mangifera indica), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and grape (Vitis vinifera) fruit wastes via SSB, and their influence in the generation of molecules with potential use. The SSB was evaluated in terms of capacity of biotransformation of the substrate (composition, protein enrichment, and fatty acid profile) and production of amylase, carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), xylanase and lipase enzymes. Main cultivations were carried out at 30 °C for 30 days and every 5 days samples were taken and analyzed for microbiological content, proximal composition and enzymatic profile. Fatty acids were determined at day 0 (baseline) and at the end of the cultivations. L. ramosa grew well in all substrates up to the 25th day, except for on the orange residue, upon which development was slightly lower at this time. Protein enrichment was found in all substrates as follows: passion fruit (309.54%), pineapple (294.89%), mango (263.45%), orange (65.60%) and grapes (19.17%). Regarding enzymes, lipase was not synthetized in any of the substrates, though amylase, CMCase and xylanase were observed at different levels. The fatty acid profile varied from raw to cultivated substrates, indicating that L. ramosa can act in the synthesis and conversion of these acids. It was concluded that L. ramosa and the studied substrates are viable for SSB.

β-Galactosidase-Producing Isolates in Mucoromycota: Screening, Enzyme Production, and Applications for Functional Oligosaccharide Synthesis

“…The power of β-galactosidases to catalyze enzymatic synthesis reactions was examined through the formation of oligosaccharides on different substrates used as glycosyl donors and/or acceptors in mixture. Considering that L. ramosa and R. pusillus exhibited a high β-galactosidase yield and activity during the SSF and the fact that these fungi are important producers of industrial biocatalysts [ 13 , 44 , 45 , 46 ], their enzymes were selected for these experiments. The β-galactosidases obtained in SSF were partially purified, and the crude enzymes were introduced to lactose, skim milk, lactose–fructose, or o NPG–sucrose containing reaction solutions.…”

Trends and challenges of fruit by-products utilization: insights into safety, sensory, and benefits of the use for the development of innovative healthy food: a review

“…microorganisms (Kowalska et al 2017 ). Biotransformation of fruit residues including mango ( Mangifera indica ), pineapple ( Ananas comosus ), grape ( Vitis vinifera ) fruit, orange ( Citrus sinensis ), and passion fruit ( Passiflora edulis ) via solid state bioprocess using Lichtheimia ramose to evaluate the mycelial growth and the enzymatic activities and their influence in the generation of molecules with potential use (de Andrade Silva et al 2020 ). Therefore, the utilization of FBPs through biotransformation represents a promising avenue for sustainable and value-added product synthesis.…”

Cutinases obtained from filamentous fungi: comparison of screening methods

“…Cladosporium pseudocladosporoides (H31) showed an activity of 15.9 U/mL with P-PNB; the methods of phenol red and Rhodamine B were negative. This could be because the growth and enzymatic production was influenced by incubation temperature, humidity, and time, which led to the formation of isoforms dependent on the fermentation medium and therefore the components in the liquid medium stabilized the enzymes differently to give a positive response to the P-NPB assay [19,20].…”