Biotransformation of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L. using Aspergillus niger

Edible plants have attracted increasing attention as functional foods as they are rich in bioactive compounds with health benefits, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. However, scientific evidence of these health effects is limited. This study is aimed at determining antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of 25 select vegetables, herbs, and spices commonly consumed in Indonesia. Phytochemical profiles were determined by measuring total flavonoid content and 1H-NMR. Human blood lymphocyte cells were used to probe the immunomodulatory potency and treated with the methanol extract of these vegetables, herbs, and spices. The results showed the enhanced propensity for all tested plant extracts to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation, except Pandanus amaryllifolius. Etlingera elatior, Ocimum xcitriodorum, Kaempferia galanga, and Apium graveolens had the highest lymphocyte cell proliferation stimulation index (SI) at concentrations of 41.67, 16.67, 4.17, and 2.5 mg/mL culture, respectively (SI 2.21 ± 0.05 , 2.62 ± 0.12 , 3 ± 0.05 , and 2.64 ± 0.07 , respectively). The NMR spectra of these four most potent plants showed low peaks in the aromatic/phenolic area and several other peaks indicating the presence of terpenoid, steroid, amino acid, and sugar compounds. The results demonstrate the immunomodulatory potential of all vegetables, herbs, and spices, except P. amaryllifolius, although this potential did not necessarily correlate with flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, this research showed promising health effect, particularly immunomodulation, of the various local plants. Further elaboration on the specific immunomodulatory activity will be interesting.

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Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities of Select Indonesian Vegetables, Herbs, and Spices on Human Lymphocytes

Safriani

Rungkat

Yuliana

et al. 2021

International Journal of Food Science

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In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb

Phương

Hiền

et al. 2021

Natural Product Communications

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In this study, we aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of the rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb. Three extracts ( n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) were screened for their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The ethyl acetate extract of G. pendula rhizomes (EGP) showed a potential effect with an IC50 value of 32.45 µg/mL. For in vivo study, the ethyl acetate extract was further investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice (CAIA). The level of arthritis in experimental mice significantly reduced ( P < .05) after treatment with EGP at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study also revealed that EGP is orally non-toxic. Ethyl p-methoxy cinamate was identified as the main constituent of EGP, which may result in its anti-inflammatory effect.

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Phytochemicals, Antiinflammatory, and Analgesic Effects of the Ethanol Extract From the Leaves of Premna Flavescens Wall. ex C. B. Clarke

Ngo

Nguyen

et al. 2022

Natural Product Communications

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In the current study, the ethanol extract of Premna flavescens leaves (EPF) was evaluated for its in vivo antiinflammatory, analgesic potentials, and acute oral toxicity. The analgesic potential was assessed through the acetic acid-induced writhing test, and the antiinflammatory characteristic was determined through the carrageenan-induced paw edema test in mice. The analgesic experimental results indicated that at a dose of 750 mg/kg, EPF exhibited nearly the same effect as aspirin at a dose of 100 mg/kg. carrageenan-induced paw edema inflammation in experimental mice treated with EPF at a dose of 750 mg/kg was significantly reduced after 5 h of carrageenan injection. EPF did not show acute oral toxicity at the highest dose of 5 g/kg. Six compounds were isolated from EPF: friedelin (1), friedelinol (2), holoptelin B (3), ethyl p-methoxycinamate (4), 3β-hydroxy stigmast-5-en-7-one (5), and n-triacontanol (6). Compounds 1, 2, and 6 were isolated from P flavescens for the first time, while compounds 3, 4, and 5 were reported from the genus Premna for the first time. These findings give more scientific evidence for the traditional medicinal use of this plant to treat rheumatism and osteoarthritis.

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Biotransformation of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L. using Aspergillus niger

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities of Select Indonesian Vegetables, Herbs, and Spices on Human Lymphocytes

Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities of Select Indonesian Vegetables, Herbs, and Spices on Human Lymphocytes

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb

Phytochemicals, Antiinflammatory, and Analgesic Effects of the Ethanol Extract From the Leaves of Premna Flavescens Wall. ex C. B. Clarke

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