Biotin-avidin mediates the binding of adipose-derived stem cells to a porous β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold: Mandibular regeneration

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the properties of a promising bone scaffold for bone repair, which consisted of a novel composite of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) attached to a porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The β-TCP powder was synthesized and its composition was determined using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface morphology and microstructure of the fabricated porous β-TCP scaffold samples were analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy, and their porosity and compressive strength were also evaluated. In addition, the viability of rabbit ADSCs incubated with various concentrations of the β-TCP extraction fluid was analyzed. The rate of attachment and the morphology of biotinylated ADSCs (Bio-ADSCs) on avidin-coated β-TCP (Avi-β-TCP), and untreated ADSCs on β-TCP, were compared. Furthermore, in vivo bone-forming abilities were determined following the implantation of group 1 (Bio-ADSCs/Avi-β-TCP) and group 2 (Bio-ADSCs/Avi-β-TCP/PRP) constructs using computed tomography, and histological osteocalcin (OCN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression analyses in a rabbit model of mandibulofacial defects. The β-TCP scaffold exhibited a high porosity (71.26±0.28%), suitable pore size, and good mechanical strength (7.93±0.06 MPa). Following incubation with β-TCP for 72 h, 100% of viable ADSCs remained. The avidin-biotin binding system significantly increased the initial attachment rate of Bio-ADSCs to Avi-β-TCP in the first hour (P<0.01). Following the addition of PRP, group 2 exhibited a bony-union and mandibular body shape, newly formed bone and increased expression levels of OCN and ALP in the mandibulofacial defect area, as compared with group 1 (P<0.05). The results of the present study suggested that the novel Bio-ADSCs/Avi-β-TCP/PRP composite may have potential application in bone repair and bone tissue engineering.

Argon plasma surface modification promotes the therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue formation of tissue-engineered scaffolds in vivo by adipose-derived stem cells

“…The data in this study suggests that the use of ADSCs to improve the angiogenesis and tissue integration should be considered. With current evidence showing varied number of cells improving angiogenesis, the optimal number is still unclear [19–21]. We provide evidence that 1 × 10 6 is useful to improve angiogenesis of scaffold that are 15 mm wide and 500 μm thick.…”

“…However, the optimal number of ADSCs seeded on the scaffolds and PRP concentration to promote tissue integration and angiogenesis is varied among studies. Studies to date have used between 1 × 10 5 and 2 × 10 5 ADSCs when used in combination with PRP to improve the angiogenesis of scaffolds [19–21]. Further evidence and understanding is needed to evaluate the use of PRP and ADSCs on improving the therapeutic angiogenesis of tissue-engineered scaffolds.…”

Tissue engineering applications in otolaryngology—The state of translation

“…Furthermore, the study of growth signaling has become important for growth of alveolar, maxillary, and mandibular TE constructs. A plethora of graft biomaterials and biochemical factors have been studied with the goal of improving the tissue‐engineered construct's scaffold integration and tissue growth 48‐58,66‐79 …”

“…Heatmap representing the proportion of publications by year that utilized specific translational research methodologies from construct characterization to human trial to investigate craniofacial tissue engineering 49‐72,74‐77,79,81‐84,145‐197 …”

Concise Review: The Use of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells and Platelet Rich Plasma in Regenerative Plastic Surgery

“…In fact, β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold in combination with PRP was reported to significantly induce 3D soft tissue augmentation in the cheek of mice 8 weeks after implantation . In addition, the combination with PRP and BM‐MSCs, seeded into a β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold, showed de novo formation of osteoarticular tissue in a canine model of articular cartilage defects , as well as ASCs, seeded into a porous β‐tricalcium phosphate scaffold, that increased bony‐union and mandibular body shape in a rabbit model of mandibulofacial defects .…”