Biotic Impoverishment and Climate Change: Global Causes of Forest Decline?

Mueller‐Dombois, Dieter

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-76995-5_27

Cited by 6 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…; Jacobi ; Hodges et al. ; Mueller‐Dombois ,b). Endemic M. polymorpha (Myrtaceae; o'hi'a lehu'a) is the dominant canopy tree species in Hawaii's native montane rain forests (Mueller‐Dombois & Fosberg ; Wagner et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding after collapse: evidence for long‐term cohort dynamics in the native Hawaiian rain forest

Boehmer

Wagner

Jacobi

et al. 2012

J Vegetation Science

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Questions Do long‐term observations in permanent plots confirm the conceptual model of Metrosideros polymorpha cohort dynamics as postulated in 1987? Do regeneration patterns occur independently of substrate age, i.e. of direct volcanic disturbance impact? Location The windward mountain slopes of the younger Mauna Loa and the older Mauna Kea volcanoes (island of Hawaii, USA). Methods After widespread forest decline (dieback), permanent plots were established in 1976 in 13 dieback and 13 non‐dieback patches to monitor the population structure of M. polymorpha at ca. 5‐yr intervals. Within each plot of 20 × 20 m, all trees with DBH >2.5 cm were individually tagged, measured and tree vigour assessed; regeneration was quantified in 16 systematically placed subplots of 3 × 5 m. Data collected in the subplots included the total number of M. polymorpha seedlings and saplings (five stem height classes). Here we analyse monitoring data from six time steps from 1976 to 2003 using repeated measures ANOVA to test specific predictions derived from the 1987 conceptual model. Results Regeneration was significantly different between dieback and non‐dieback plots. In dieback plots, the collapse in the 1970s was followed by a ‘sapling wave’ that by 2003 led to new cohort stands of M. polymorpha. In non‐dieback stands, seedling emergence did not result in sapling waves over the same period. Instead, a ‘sapling gap’ (i.e. very few or no M. polymorpha saplings) prevailed as typical for mature stands. Canopy dieback in 1976, degree of recovery by 2003 and the number of living trees in 2003 were unrelated to substrate age. Conclusions Population development of M. polymorpha supports the cohort dynamics model, which predicts rebuilding of the forest with the same canopy species after dieback. The lack of association with substrate age suggests that the long‐term maintenance of cohort structure in M. polymorpha does not depend on volcanic disturbance but may be related to other environmental mechanisms, such as climate anomalies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rebuilding after collapse: evidence for long‐term cohort dynamics in the native Hawaiian rain forest

Boehmer

Wagner

Jacobi

et al. 2012

J Vegetation Science

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“…While already being noticed in the 1950s (Mueller-Dombois andKrajina 1968, Mueller-Dombois et al 2013), it reached its peak in the mid-1980s (Mertelmeyer et al 2019). The decline was labeled "'ōhi'a dieback" (Mueller-Dombois 1980. Dieback is a special form of forest decline that affects only canopy trees.…”

Section: Forest Decline In Hawai'i and The Pacific Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early hypotheses postulated that the forest decline was caused by a virulent pathogen or a combination of biotic disease and pest agents ("disease hypothesis"; Mueller-Dombois 1988). Several insects and pathogenic fungi have been investigated, particularly the beetle two-lined ohia borer (Plagithmysus bilineatus) and the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi, which were studied in great detail.…”

Section: Forest Decline In Hawai'i and The Pacific Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic factors, in particular temperature, precipitation, and humidity, play a fundamental role in the physiology of plant species (e.g., Harper 1977, Ceulemans 1997. Changes in those factors can cause stress in plants and pose a threat to the regeneration of species such as long-lived trees due to the many directly climatedependent processes in the forest ecosystem including seed production and germination but also seedling and sapling development (e.g., Mueller-Dombois 1987, Koenig et al 2022. IPCC (2022) highlighted the possibility that fluctuations in climate, more specifically, increased temperatures and reduced precipitation, are likely to become more frequent in the course of the ongoing climate change.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Climate-Induced Forest Mortality in the Tropical Pacific Islands: What Do We Really Know?

Boehmer,

Galvin

2024

Pacific Science

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“…However, research in different Pacific islands, such as Hawai'i (Mueller-Dombois 1993;Jacobi 1993;Gerrish 1993;and Jeltsch and Wissel 1993), the Galapagos (Lawesson 1988;Itow and Mueller-Dombois 1988), New Zealand (Stewart and Veblen 1983;Wardle and Allen 1983;Ogden 1988;Ogden et al 1993), Papua New Guinea (Arentz 1983;Ash 1988;Enright 1988), and Japan (Kohyama 1988) has revealed the need to consider yet another major factor complex in addition to disease and/or abiotic stress to explain canopy dieback or mass mortality at the stand or landscape level.…”

Section: Tree Mortality Patterns As Mediated By Biodiversity and Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Islands

1995

Ecological Studies

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Front cover: Illustration by Kirsten MadsenFamous examples of island biodiversity: the dodo, a giant flightless dove, evolved and became extinct on Mauritius; the sea coconut, producer of the world's biggest seed, endemic to the Seychelles, possibly a relic from a sunken subcontinent; and the Darwin finches of the Galapagos Islands, inspiration for Darwin and later evolutionists and ubiquitous textbook example of adaptive radiation. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1 st edition 1995The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.Typesetting: Thomson Press (India) Ltd., Madras SPIN: 10426981 31!3130/SPS-5432 I 0 -Printed on acid-free paper program to provide new information from experiments specifically designed to address the diversity/function problem rather than relying on the imperfect information derived from inadvertent "experiments" instigated by human activities or from natural environmental fluctuations.Stanford, Spring 1995 Harold Mooney

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Biotic Impoverishment and Climate Change: Global Causes of Forest Decline?

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Rebuilding after collapse: evidence for long‐term cohort dynamics in the native Hawaiian rain forest

Rebuilding after collapse: evidence for long‐term cohort dynamics in the native Hawaiian rain forest

Climate-Induced Forest Mortality in the Tropical Pacific Islands: What Do We Really Know?

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