Biotic Environments Supporting the Persistence of Clinically Relevant Mucormycetes

Rautemaa‐Richardson, Riina

doi:10.3390/jof6010004

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1). According to Glassman et al (2017), the pH is a strong factor of shaping fungal communities due to the fact that it affects the availability of all soil nutrients, and an acidic pH is most favorable to the development of Mucorales (Richardson & Rautemaa-Richardson 2020). On the other hand, the variation of other edaphic factors of ecosystems, climatic conditions, as well as fungal physiology and competition for organic matter resulting from niche overlap may also alter the microbial structure in the rhizosphere (Bills et al 2004;Pandey & Palni 2007).…”

Section: Communities Of Mucorales (Phylum Mucoromycota) In Different Ecosystems Of the Atlantic Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mucorales, a basal fungal order that belongs to the subkingdom Mucoromyceta Doweld, comprises species morphologically characterized by the production of asexual structures, such as sporangia, sporangiola and merosporangia, and by the formation of a sexual spore, the zygospore, in a zygosporangium formed after the fusion of two gametangia (Spatafora et al 2016;Tedersoo et al 2018). These fungi have a worldwide distribution and have been commonly reported in animal dung, stored cereals, fruits, vegetables, and soil, although some species are facultative pathogens of plants, animals, and even other fungi (Hoffmann et al 2013;Richardson & Rautemaa-Richardson 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Communities of Mucorales (phylum Mucoromycota) in different ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest

et al. 2020

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As primary decomposers of organic matter, mucoralean fungi have an important ecological role in edaphic systems in the Atlantic Forest. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding how communities of Mucorales are structured in soils of Atlantic Forest areas, and whether these communities are influenced by edaphic attributes in this domain. Thus, the current study aimed to understand the influence of edaphic attributes linked to species richness, abundance and composition of Mucorales in dense ombrophilous forest, 'tabuleiro' forest, sandbank and mangrove ecosystems located in Pernambuco, Brazil. Altogether, twenty-three taxa, including seven new records, were reported from soil samples from the ecosystems. Species composition was similar among the ecosystems, except for mangrove, while species richness and diversity of Mucorales were highest in dense ombrophilous forest and 'tabuleiro'. Together the soil variables were responsible for 35.5 % of the variation in species composition, with pH being responsible for 53.32 % and 47.24 % of the variation in richness and abundance of these communities, respectively. These data indicate that pH is the most important attribute in delimiting the structure of mucoralean communities in the study areas, with influence on the composition, richness, and abundance of these fungi.

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Section: Communities Of Mucorales (Phylum Mucoromycota) In Different Ecosystems Of the Atlantic Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communities of Mucorales (phylum Mucoromycota) in different ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest

et al. 2020

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“…Others are parasites of plants and animals ( Partida-Martinez and Hertweck, 2005 ; Ibrahim and Spellberg, 2014 ). The ecology of Mucoromycotina is poorly studied, which hinders understanding of their role in the ecosystem ( Richardson and Rautemaa-Richardson, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Potential, Ecology and Presence of Associated Bacteria Is Reflected in Genomic Diversity of Mucoromycotina

et al. 2021

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Mucoromycotina are often considered mainly in pathogenic context but their biology remains understudied. We describe the genomes of six Mucoromycotina fungi representing distant saprotrophic lineages within the subphylum (i.e., Umbelopsidales and Mucorales). We selected two Umbelopsis isolates from soil (i.e., U. isabellina, U. vinacea), two soil-derived Mucor isolates (i.e., M. circinatus, M. plumbeus), and two Mucorales representatives with extended proteolytic activity (i.e., Thamnidium elegans and Mucor saturninus). We complement computational genome annotation with experimental characteristics of their digestive capabilities, cell wall carbohydrate composition, and extensive total lipid profiles. These traits inferred from genome composition, e.g., in terms of identified encoded enzymes, are in accordance with experimental results. Finally, we link the presence of associated bacteria with observed characteristics. Thamnidium elegans genome harbors an additional, complete genome of an associated bacterium classified to Paenibacillus sp. This fungus displays multiple altered traits compared to the remaining isolates, regardless of their evolutionary distance. For instance, it has expanded carbon assimilation capabilities, e.g., efficiently degrades carboxylic acids, and has a higher diacylglycerol:triacylglycerol ratio and skewed phospholipid composition which suggests a more rigid cellular membrane. The bacterium can complement the host enzymatic capabilities, alter the fungal metabolism, cell membrane composition but does not change the composition of the cell wall of the fungus. Comparison of early-diverging Umbelopsidales with evolutionary younger Mucorales points at several subtle differences particularly in their carbon source preferences and encoded carbohydrate repertoire. Nevertheless, all tested Mucoromycotina share features including the ability to produce 18:3 gamma-linoleic acid, use TAG as the storage lipid and have fucose as a cell wall component.

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“…Others are parasites of plants and animals [8,9]. The ecology of Mucoromycotina is poorly studied, which hinders understanding of their role in the ecosystem [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic potential, ecology and presence of endohyphal bacteria is reflected in genomic diversity of Mucoromycotina

Muszewska

Okrasińska

Steczkiewicz

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We describe the genomes of six Mucoromycotina fungi representing distant saprotrophic lineages within the subphylum (i.e. Umbelopsidales and Mucorales). We selected two Umbelopsis isolates from soil (i.e. U. isabellina, U. vinacea), two soil-derived Mucor isolates (i.e. M. circinatus, M. plumbeus), and two Mucorales representatives with extended proteolytic activity (i.e. Thamnidium elegans and Mucor saturninus). We complement genome analyses with a description of their digestive capabilities, their cell wall carbohydrate composition, and total lipid profiles. Finally, we link the presence of endohyphal bacteria with observed characteristics.One of the genomes, Thamnidium elegans, harbours a complete genome of an associated bacterium classified to Paenibacillus sp. This fungus displays multiple altered traits compared to remaining isolates regardless of their evolutionary distance. T. elegans has expanded carbon assimilation capabilities particularly efficiently degrades carboxylic acids, has a higher diacylglycerol: triacylglycerol ratio and phospholipid composition suggesting a more rigid cellular membrane. Comparison of early-diverging Umbelopsidales with evolutionary younger Mucorales points at several differences particularly in their carbon source preferences and encoded carbohydrate repertoire. All tested Mucoromycotina shares features including the ability to produce 18:3 gamma-linoleic acid and fucose as a cell wall component.Author SummaryIn our paper, we report on the genomic sequences of six Mucoromycotina strains and an associated bacterium from Paenibacillus genus. Mucoromycotina are often studied in pathogenic context albeit their basic biology remains understudied. This manuscript expands on the collection of currently sequenced Mucorales and Umbelopsidales, including the first sequenced Thamnidium isolate, which was sequenced together with a Paenibacillus bacterium. The interaction with a bacterial partner alters the metabolism, cell membrane composition but not the exoskeleton of the fungus. The associated bacterium provided multiple enzymes that significantly expanded the digestive capabilities of the fungal host. Parallel sequencing and phenotyping of Mucorales and Umbelopsidales enabled us to look at the differences of both lineages within Mucoromycotina. We demonstrate that the predicted digestive capabilities are in line with experimental validation. Based on the cell wall composition data and genomic underpinnings of carbohydrate metabolism we were able to confirm the universal presence of fucose in Mucoromycotina cell walls. Fatty acid, phospholipid and acylglycerol composition support the usage of 18:3 gamma-linoleic acid as a chemotaxonomic marker of Mucoromycotina and corroborate TAG as a dominant storage lipid in these organisms.Genomic features, digestive capabilities, fatty acid composition differ between Mucorales and Ubelopsidales pointing at subtle but significant changes in the course of Mucoromycotina radiation.

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Biotic Environments Supporting the Persistence of Clinically Relevant Mucormycetes

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Communities of Mucorales (phylum Mucoromycota) in different ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest

Communities of Mucorales (phylum Mucoromycota) in different ecosystems of the Atlantic Forest

Metabolic Potential, Ecology and Presence of Associated Bacteria Is Reflected in Genomic Diversity of Mucoromycotina

Metabolic potential, ecology and presence of endohyphal bacteria is reflected in genomic diversity of Mucoromycotina

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