Biotic diversity interfaces with urbanization in the Lake Tahoe Basin

Manley, Patricia N.; Murphy, Dennis D.; Campbell, Laura A.; Heckmann, Kirsten E.; Merideth, Susan; Parks, Sean A.; Sanford, Monte P.; Schlesinger, Matthew

doi:10.3733/ca.v060n02p59

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the other hand, differences in the presence of native ant species were not detected in southern Florida, despite marked increases in exotic ants found at exurban sites (Forys and Allen, 2005). The same was true for ants and small mammals in the Sierra Nevada, California (Manley et al, 2006), although the lack of detectable effect could represent an extinction debt that will lead to the loss of native species over time (Tilman et al, 2002). Disturbances associated with exurban development are likely to correspond to a more gradual change to the environment than more intense land uses, and the impacts to wildlife may need to be monitored over a longer time period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Exurban development influences woodland bird composition

Merenlender

Reed

Heise³

2009

Landscape and Urban Planning

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Exurban development influences woodland bird composition

Merenlender

Reed

Heise³

2009

Landscape and Urban Planning

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“…Most studies of the effects of urbanization sample discrete levels of urban development (e.g., urban vs. rural; Baxter et al, 1999;Theobald, 2004) or along transects radiating away from urban centers (e.g., Lovett et al, 2000). We sampled a gradient of urban development by creating a GISbased urban development model (Manley et al, 2006). Any area that had a land-use type that removed native vegetation was considered developed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological integrity of remnant montane forests along an urban gradient in the Sierra Nevada

Heckmann¹,

Manley²,

Schlesinger³

2008

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…Parks, L. A. Campbell, and M. D. Schlesinger, unpublished manuscript). Commercial, residential, and recreational development over the past 60 years has populated native forest with urban elements (Manley et al 2006). Even in locations with greater levels of development, however, native forest elements are retained as undeveloped parcels and yards with native vegetation.…”

Section: Study Area and Site Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Stressors Acting on Land Bird Communities in an Urbanizing Environment

Schlesinger

Manley

Holyoak

2008

Ecology

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Urbanization has profound influences on ecological communities, but our understanding of causal mechanisms is limited by a lack of attention to its component stressors. Published research suggests that at landscape scales, habitat loss and fragmentation are the major drivers of community change, whereas at local scales, human activity and vegetation management are the primary stressors. Little research has focused on whether urbanization stressors may supplant natural factors as dominant forces structuring communities. We used model selection to determine the relative importance of urban development, human activity, local and landscape vegetation, topography, and geographical location in explaining land bird species richness, abundance, and dominance. We analyzed the entire community and groups of species based on ecological characteristics, using data collected in remnant forests along a gradient of urban development in the Lake Tahoe basin, California and Nevada, USA. Urbanization stressors were consistently among the principal forces structuring the land bird community. Strikingly, disturbance from human activity was the most important factor for richness in many cases, surpassing even habitat loss from development. Landscape-scale factors were consistently more important than local-scale factors for abundance. In demonstrating considerable changes in land bird community structure, our results suggest that ecosystem function in urban areas may be severely compromised. Such changes compel local- and landscape-scale management, focused research, and long-term monitoring to retain biodiversity in urban areas to the extent possible.

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Biotic diversity interfaces with urbanization in the Lake Tahoe Basin

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Exurban development influences woodland bird composition

Exurban development influences woodland bird composition

Ecological integrity of remnant montane forests along an urban gradient in the Sierra Nevada

Distinguishing Stressors Acting on Land Bird Communities in an Urbanizing Environment

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